BUILDING VOCABULARY SKILLS Fourth Edition Sherrie L Nist

Unit Five: Chapter 25 • discriminate • site • dismal • subside • dispense • summon • profound • theoretical • severity • vocation

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 1 discriminate – verb • It’s easy to discriminate between canned and fresh vegetables— fresh vegetables taste much better. • Tests show that women tend to discriminate among colors better than men. Cherry red, cranberry red, and purplish red are all simply dark red to many men. Discriminate means A. to tell the difference. B. to become confused. C. to make an error.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 1 discriminate – verb • It’s easy to discriminate between canned and fresh vegetables— fresh vegetables taste much better. • Tests show that women tend to discriminate among colors better than men. Cherry red, cranberry red, and purplish red are all simply dark red to many men. Discriminate means A. to tell the difference. B. to become confused. C. to make an error. If fresh vegetables taste much better than canned, it would be easy to tell the difference between the two. If women see three different reds while men see all three colors as dark red, women must be able to tell the difference among colors better than men.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 2 dismal – adjective • Tyrell was disappointed by the dismal news that his knee injury would keep him off the football team for a whole semester. • “It is a dismal, rainy day, ” Mona told her disappointed children. “But we don’t have to cancel the picnic—we can have it on the kitchen floor. ” Dismal means A. welcome. B. lengthy. C. gloomy. A dismal-looking sky

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 2 dismal – adjective • Tyrell was disappointed by the dismal news that his knee injury would keep him off the football team for a whole semester. • “It is a dismal, rainy day, ” Mona told her disappointed children. “But we don’t have to cancel the picnic—we can have it on the kitchen floor. ” Dismal means A. welcome. B. lengthy. C. gloomy. A dismal-looking sky The news that Tyrell would be off the team for the whole semester would be gloomy news. The word disappointed is a clue. Rainy days can be gloomy— especially if the rain cancels a picnic.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 3 dispense – verb • The broken soda machine dispensed either a cup or soda, but not both together. • Restroom soap holders that are supposed to dispense liquid soap at each push seem to be empty most of the time. Dispense means A. to pay. B. to give out. C. to do without.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 3 dispense – verb • The broken soda machine dispensed either a cup or soda, but not both together. • Restroom soap holders that are supposed to dispense liquid soap at each push seem to be empty most of the time. Dispense means A. to pay. B. to give out. C. to do without. Soda machines give out sodas (preferably in a cup). When you push to button on a restroom soap holder, it is supposed to give out soap.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 4 profound – adjective • The death of a spouse can cause profound depression that, in some cases, can even lead to the death of the partner. • Ever since her stepfather insulted her mother, Serena has had a profound hatred of him. Profound means A. deep. B. mild. C. accidental.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 4 profound – adjective • The death of a spouse can cause profound depression that, in some cases, can even lead to the death of the partner. • Ever since her stepfather insulted her mother, Serena has had a profound hatred of him. Profound means A. deep. B. mild. C. accidental. A depression that can lead to death must be a deep depression. Serena would have a deep hatred for a man who insulted her mother.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 5 severity – noun • The severity of the fire could be seen in the burned, smoking ruins of the once beautiful building. • Mark believes the severity of his punishment was too great. A hundred hours of weekend trash cleanup seemed too harsh a penalty for throwing two soft-drink cans onto the highway. Severity means A. gentleness. B. intensity. C. a cause.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 5 severity – noun • The severity of the fire could be seen in the burned, smoking ruins of the once beautiful building. • Mark believes the severity of his punishment was too great. A hundred hours of weekend trash cleanup seemed too harsh a penalty for throwing two soft-drink cans onto the highway. Severity means A. gentleness. B. intensity. C. a cause. Burned, smoking ruins would suggest the intensity of the fire. If a hundred hours of cleanup seemed too harsh to Mark, he would believe the intensity of the punishment was too great.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 6 site – noun • The oldest private home in the New England town was named a historical site. • Wounded Knee, South Dakota, is the site of a conflict between the federal government and the Sioux Indians in 1973. Site means A. a state. B. a fact. C. a place.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 6 site – noun • The oldest private home in the New England town was named a historical site. • Wounded Knee, South Dakota, is the site of a conflict between the federal government and the Sioux Indians in 1973. Site means A. a state. B. a fact. C. a place. The oldest private home in the town would be considered a historic place. Wounded Knee is the place where the 1973 conflict occurred.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 7 subside – verb • When I’m really furious, a walk around the block makes my anger subside. • Connie sat in her car until the storm subsided. Then she dashed up the sidewalk and into the school building. Subside means A. to begin. B. to lessen. C. to increase.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 7 subside – verb • When I’m really furious, a walk around the block makes my anger subside. • Connie sat in her car until the storm subsided. Then she dashed up the sidewalk and into the school building. Subside means A. to begin. B. to lessen. C. to increase. A walk around the block can help lessen a person’s anger. Connie would wait for the storm to lessen before making a dash for the building.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 8 summon – verb • When the king couldn’t sleep, he would summon the court clown to come and entertain him. • The principal liked to summon troublesome students to his office by announcing their names over the loudspeaker. Summon means A. to send for. B. to see. C. to allow.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 8 summon – verb • When the king couldn’t sleep, he would summon the court clown to come and entertain him. • The principal liked to summon troublesome students to his office by announcing their names over the loudspeaker. Summon means A. to send for. B. to see. C. to allow. If the king couldn’t sleep, he would send for the clown. The words to come are a clue. The principal would send for troublesome students by announcing their names.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 9 theoretical – adjective • At first, Phan enjoyed simply looking through his telescope. However, when questions occurred to him, he began to read theoretical explanations of what he was seeing. • The teacher explained theoretical basis for the chemistry experiment so the class would understand why it worked as it did. Theoretical means A. about action. B. scientifically possible. C. only imagined.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 9 theoretical – adjective • At first, Phan enjoyed simply looking through his telescope. However, when questions occurred to him, he began to read theoretical explanations of what he was seeing. • The teacher explained theoretical basis for the chemistry experiment so the class would understand why it worked as it did. Theoretical means A. about action. B. scientifically possible. C. only imagined. As opposed to simply looking through the telescope, Phan began to read scientifically possible explanations of what he was seeing. The teacher would explain the scientifically possible basis for the experiment. The words why it worked as it did are a clue.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 10 vocation – noun • Raising collies was just a hobby for Louise. Her vocation was library science. • If you can’t decide on a career, you might wish to take a test that reveals which vocations you’re suited for. Vocation means A. recreation. B. an ability. C. an occupation.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 10 vocation – noun • Raising collies was just a hobby for Louise. Her vocation was library science. • If you can’t decide on a career, you might wish to take a test that reveals which vocations you’re suited for. Vocation means A. recreation. B. an ability. C. an occupation. Louise’s hobby (raising collies) is contrasted with her occupation (library science). In the second item, the word career suggests that vocation means “an occupation. ”

SENTENCE CHECK 1 Complete each item with the correct word from the box. A. discriminate B. dismal C. dispense D. profound E. severity F. site H. summon I. theoretical J. vocation G. subside 1. Since the alligator and the crocodile look a lot alike, most people cannot _____ between them. 2. Growing up with poverty gave Juanita a _____ desire to help others in need.

SENTENCE CHECK 1 Complete each item with the correct word from the box. A. discriminate B. dismal C. dispense D. profound E. severity F. site H. summon I. theoretical J. vocation G. subside 1. Since the alligator and the crocodile look a lot alike, most people cannot _____ discriminate between them. If the two creatures look a lot alike, it would be difficult for most people to distinguish one from the other. 2. Growing up with poverty gave Juanita a _____ profound desire to help others in need. Growing up with poverty would give Juanita a deep desire to help others in need.

SENTENCE CHECK 1 Complete each item with the correct word from the box. A. discriminate B. dismal C. dispense D. profound E. severity F. site H. summon I. theoretical J. vocation G. subside 3. Near the shore, the waves were enormous, but as we rowed out into open water, they began to _____. 4. I thought I was in trouble when my boss _______(e)d me to her office—until she told me I was getting a raise. 5. Among the most dangerous ____s are deep-sea diving, mining, and construction.

SENTENCE CHECK 1 Complete each item with the correct word from the box. A. discriminate B. dismal C. dispense D. profound E. severity F. site H. summon I. theoretical J. vocation G. subside 3. Near the shore, the waves were enormous, but as we rowed out into open water, they began to _____. subside In contrast with the enormous waves near the shore, the waves out in open water began to decrease. 4. I thought I was in trouble when my boss _____ summoned me to her office—until she told me I was getting a raise. If one is ordered to appear in the boss’s office, he or she might worry about being in trouble. 5. Among the most dangerous _____ vocations are deep-sea diving, mining, and construction. The sentence gives three examples of dangerous occupations— deep-sea diving, mining, and construction.

SENTENCE CHECK 1 Complete each item with the correct word from the box. A. discriminate B. dismal C. dispense D. profound E. severity F. site H. summon I. theoretical J. vocation G. subside 6. This room is too _____. It needs a party to brighten it up. 7. Do you think food machines at public schools should _____ only nutritious foods, such as fruit and juices?

SENTENCE CHECK 1 Complete each item with the correct word from the box. A. discriminate B. dismal C. dispense D. profound E. severity F. site H. summon I. theoretical J. vocation G. subside 6. This room is too _____. It needs a party to dismal brighten it up. A party would brighten up a room that is cheerless. 7. Do you think food machines at public schools should _____ dispense only nutritious foods, such as fruit and juices? Food machines give out food.

SENTENCE CHECK 1 Complete each item with the correct word from the box. A. discriminate B. dismal C. dispense D. profound E. severity F. site H. summon I. theoretical J. vocation G. subside 8. Medication should match the _____ of a problem. A powerful painkiller isn’t needed for a hangnail. 9. I can use the math formulas, but I don’t understand the _____ basis for them. 10. Although the _____ where the hiker claimed a spaceship had landed was burned, no one believed his story.

SENTENCE CHECK 1 Complete each item with the correct word from the box. A. discriminate B. dismal C. dispense D. profound E. severity F. site H. summon I. theoretical J. vocation G. subside 8. Medication should match the _____ severity of a problem. A powerful painkiller isn’t needed for a hangnail. The example that a powerful painkiller isn’t needed for a hangnail suggests that medication should match the intensity of a problem. 9. I can use the math formulas, but I don’t understand the _____ theoretical basis for them. Using the math formulas is not the same as understanding theory that the formulas are based on. 10. Although the _____ where the hiker claimed a site spaceship had landed was burned, no one believed his story. The location where the hiker claimed a spaceship had landed was burned.