Building Trustworthy Semantic Webs Lecture 10 Semantic Web

Building Trustworthy Semantic Webs Lecture #10: Semantic Web Applications Dr. Bhavani Thuraisingham September 2006

5/25/2021 19: 21 10 -2 Objective of the Unit 0 This unit will provide an overview of various applications of the semantic web. Applications of trustworthy semantic web are yet to be examined.

5/25/2021 19: 21 10 -3 Outline of the Unit 0 Summary of semantic web technologies discussed so far 0 Discussion of applications (Chapter 6) - Horizontal Information Products at Elsevier - Data integration at Audi - Skill finding at Swiss Life - Think Tank Portal at Enter. Search - E-Learning - Web Services - Multimedia Collection at Scotland Yard - Online Procurement at Daimler Chrysler - Device Interoperability at Nokia 0 Common threads and challenges

5/25/2021 19: 21 10 -4 Semantic web technologies discussed so far 0 XML, XML Schema 0 RDF, RDF Schema 0 Ontology, OWL 0 Logic, Rules, Inference 0 Some discussion of security issues for each technology - Policy specification, Securing documents

5/25/2021 19: 21 10 -5 Types of Application 0 Horizontal Information Products at Elsevier: Integration 0 Data integration at Audi: Integration 0 Skill finding at Swiss Life: Search 0 Think Tank Portal at Enter. Search: Knowledge man agent 0 E-Learning: Knowledge management 0 Web Services: Web services (for any of the other applications discussed) 0 Multimedia Collection at Scotland Yard: Searching 0 Online Procurement at Daimler Chrysler: E-Business 0 Device Interoperability at Nokia: Interoperability

5/25/2021 19: 21 10 -6 Horizontal Information Products at Elsevier 0 Elsevier is publishing company based in Amsterdam - E. g. , publisher of Computer Standards and Interface Journal that has papers on all kinds of computer related standards 0 Currently the journals and books are grouped by topics such as say operating systems, databases, etc. (or at a higher level, Biology, Chemistry, etc. ) 0 Where do we then put the journal Computer Standards and Interfaces? 0 Need horizontal groupings also

5/25/2021 19: 21 10 -7 Horizontal Information Products at Elsevier 0 Semantic web technologies are being used by Elsevier - RDF for document representation - RDF for ontologies - Query language based on RDF to query the documents and the ontologies - E. g. Life Science Thesaurus EMTREE - Other publishing companies are following in Elsevier’s direction

5/25/2021 19: 21 10 -8 Data Integration at Audi 0 Integrate the data in multiple data sources to provide better customer relationship management and other services to improve profits 0 The databases are disparate and heterogeneous 0 Many current operations are carried out manually 0 Expensive and missed opportunities

5/25/2021 19: 21 10 -9 Data Integration at Audi 0 Ontolotues are being specified to address semantic heterogeneous 0 E. g. , SLR is a type of camera; one applications calls it SLR, another application calls it Olympus-OM-10 0 When the latter application encounters the term SLR, it will query the ontology and determine that SLR is a camera 0 Details are given in Chapter 6

5/25/2021 19: 21 10 -10 Skill Finding at Swiss Life 0 Swiss Life is an insurance company that developed a system to find all the skills in the company - E. g. , John’s skills are on data management, ontology management 0 Challenging problem as people have multiple skills for different applications 0 Need the following capabilities - Cross listing of skills - Querying skills - ----

5/25/2021 19: 21 10 -11 Skill Finding at Swiss Life 0 Ontologies are being developed to specify the skills and query languages to query the ontologies 0 E. g. <owl: Class rdf: ID = “Publishing”> <rdfs: sub. Class. Of rdf: resource = ‘#Skills”/> </owl: Class> <owl: Class rdf: ID = “Skills”> - --- </owl: Class>

5/25/2021 19: 21 10 -12 Think Tank Portal at Enter. Search 0 Enter. Search is a consortium of corporations in Europe that provide IT for the energy companies 0 Similar to MCC in Austin TX 0 Enter. Serach Portal currently describes the various research projects, papers etc. 0 XML representation is used for describing the web content 0 Need to represent semantics so that the corporations can get answers to useful questions of the form - “where do I put my computing resources to solve a problem? ”

5/25/2021 19: 21 10 -13 Think Tank Portal at Enter. Search 0 Semantic web technologies are being utilized – in particular ontoogies are developed for the following - Hardware - Software - Communications - E-Commerce - Agents - Market/Auction - Resource Allocation - ----

5/25/2021 19: 21 10 -14 E-Learning 0 With the Internet and the web, we now have on-line universities, course offerings, tutoring etc. 0 Students should have the choice for selecting various courses in the order they want, provide they take the prerequisites 0 Semantic web technologies enable flexible access as well as integration of various data sources and processes to enable learning 0 Ontologies are being developed for learning applications - E. g. , Contents of the courses - Description of the courses etc.

5/25/2021 19: 21 10 -15 Web Services 0 Web services can be utilized by any of the other applications discussed in this unit (e. g. , Elsevier, Audi etc. ) 0 We services are invoked to carry out functions on the web including find locations, search for documents etc. 0 Simple services and compound services 0 Three components to the service - Service profile: Description of the service – what it does - Serviced model: how it does it - Service groundings: protocol for invoking the service

5/25/2021 19: 21 10 -16 Web Services 0 DAML and DAML-S developed by the DARPA community combined with the European community developing OIL focused on , languages for web services - Semantic of the web services (e. g. , reasoning about the services, why certain actions are taken etc. ) - DAML+OIL 0 W 3 C community started with DAML+OIL for ontology specifications and developed OWL 0 E. g. , <profile: Service. Provider rdf ID = “Sportsnews”> - ---- </profile: Service. Provider>

5/25/2021 19: 21 10 -17 Multimedia Collection Indexing at Scotland Yard 0 Scotland Yard uses a database to keep track of the antiques that are stolen 0 While sophisticated indexing techniques have been developed, there is a problem with semantics 0 E. g. , Red cushioned chair could also be described as Queen Anne chair 0 Ontologies for describing semantics 0 Need more details of the project

5/25/2021 19: 22 10 -18 On-line Procurement at Daimler Chrysler 0 Daimler Chrysler interacts with numerous suppliers to develop a product 0 Standards developed by Rosetta. Net for E-Business are being used for interoperability - XML syntax, no semantics of the product descriptions are available 0 Ontologies for describing the various product descriptions including the semantics are the long term goal for seamless integration of the supply chain operation 0 Need more details of the project

5/25/2021 19: 22 10 -19 Device Interoperability at Nokia 0 Nokia’s objective is to integrate multiple devices (cell phone, PDA, cars, laptop etc) to provide a pervasive computing environment 0 Objects is to locate the various services and understand the different devices and their functions - Need to describe the various services - Current technology provides syntactic descriptions 0 Semantic web technologies, through ontologies enable the understanding the devices and reasons about their functions 0 Need more details of the project

5/25/2021 19: 22 10 -20 Common Threads and Challenges 0 Common Threads - Building Ontologies for Semantics - XML for Syntax 0 Challenges - Scalability, Resolvability - Security policy specification, Securing the documents and ontologies - Developing applications for secure semantic web technologies - Automated tools for ontology management = Creating, maintaining, evolving and querying ontologies