Building Military Strength CostPlus Contracts Govt pays cost

Building Military Strength

Cost-Plus Contracts • Gov’t pays cost + a profit percent • More product = More profit • Cost gov’t a lot BUT war goods made

Detroit “Arsenal of Democracy” • Detroit made 1/3 of war goods • 4, 000 tanks per month

Hiding the Lockheed Plant

Hiding the Lockheed Plant

Rosie the Riveter • From Willow Run Airport • Women made up 1/3 or workforce

Liberty Ships • Used Ford’s Assembly line concept – Pre-built parts assembled at port • Welded instead of Riveted • 1 ship ever 17 days

War Production Board • Set production priorities and goals

Building an Army

Draft • First peacetime draft – after invasion of Poland • Ranked 19 th in World

Enlisted • After Pearl Harbor - 60, 000 sign up/month • G. I. Government Issued (uniforms)

Segregation • Segregated Army • Tuskegee Airmen – Squadron that protected bombers

Double “V” Campaign • Victory against Hitler • Victory against Segregation

Women • 400, 000 women in military • NO Combat – Nurses/Clerical • W. A. S. P. s – Pilots that made deliveries

African Americans • Great migration north to work in plants • Detroit & Chicago • Belle Isle Riot – 25 AA 9 W killed

Mexican Americans • California teen crime rate rose • Zoot Suits vs Victory Suit

Japanese Americans • West coast angry at Japanese • Relocation Camps – FDR forced Jap. Into camps – Fear of spies/attacks – Supreme Court Approved • military security – Reagan later apologized

Rationing • Stamps used to buy food & goods • Gas = 35 mph • 1 book / month

Victory Gardens • Plant a garden to save food • Donate materials to the war – Rubber, tin, aluminum, oil, fat – Exchange bacon grease for coupons

Liberty Bonds • Gov’t spent $300 billion – E Bonds: $18. 75 - $25 in ten years – Citizens: $50 billion – Companies: $150 billion

Wage & Price Controls • Price & wage freezes • Post-war prices rose ½ as much as WWI • Minimized strikes