Building Englands Castles A look at some of

Building England’s Castles A look at some of the chosen locations and building materials, and a peek into their history Kathy Deraitus September 1, 2006

Locations of Corfe, Lulworth and Portland Castles Map by Google. com

Introduction n Castles ¨ Location ¨ Materials ¨ Design

Location n Military Defenses ¨ Kings and Queens ¨ Lords and Ladies ¨ Lowliest Peasants Show of Strength and Power/Royal Retreat n Mighty Symbol of Middle Ages n

Materials— Historic Progression Hill forts of ditches and banks n Timber fortifications n Stone n

Corfe Castle Located northwest of Swanage on the Isle of Purbeck

Corfe Castle—Location n n Built on a natural conical hill of chalk Overlooking a ravine used as a main route to the inland

Corfe Castle—Materials n Local Purbeck limestone

Corfe Castle—Materials n n Wall filler— chert pebbles Wide wall structures were made up of inner and outer walls and filler material

Corfe Castle—Design n The “Keep”, or the inner tower, was the heart of the Norman castle

Corfe Castle—Design n Herringbone pattern comes from a Saxon style of stone work

Corfe Castle—History n Untimely visit of King Edward

Lulworth Castle—Location n Sits on 20 sq miles of hunting lands Beautiful coastline Built as a hunting lodge for entertaining royalty

Lulworth Castle—Materials n n Constructed from Purbeck-Portland limestone Quarried from Tilly Whim Caves, Dancing Ledge and Winspit

Lulworth Castle—Design n Classical appearance Not built for defense Built for looks— for attracting royalty

Portland Castle—Location English Heritage Photo Library n n Overlooks Portland harbor on the northeast coast of the Isle of Portland Strategic defensive location

Portland Castle—Materials English Heritage Photo Library n n Made from local white Portland limestone Quarried from the Isle of Portland English Heritage Photo Library

Portland Castle—Design English Heritage Photo Library n n n Built as an artillery fort Also known as a device fort Henry VIII was personally involved in the castle’s design English Heritage Photo Library

Summary n Location ¨ Chosen according to needs—usually for defense n Materials ¨ Evolved from dirt to timber to stone ¨ Stone quarried locally n Design ¨ Critical for military success