Building A Sustainable Data Centre Strategy John Dwyer

Building A Sustainable Data Centre Strategy John Dwyer Area Data Centre Manager - International Global Foundation Services Microsoft Corporation

The Internet “Cloud” People Ad Other Networks Other Software Microsoft-based Devices Other Devices

Software+Services Structure Applications and Solutions Live Platform Services Cloud Infrastructure Services Business Practices & Operations Manageability Performance Infrastructure Services Security & Compliance Global Product Development Global Service Operations Global Foundation Services Our name says it all—we are the global foundation!

When and Why to Build Goal is to deliver innovative computing and storage necessary for our online products to win Close to markets for performance Lowest cost per Mega. Watt (MW) With sustainability and efficiency in mind 4

When and Why to Build Started building our own data centres with the Columbia DC in Quincy, WA Data centre construction demand is driven by the Long Range Planning Process and the Consumption Planning Process. Capacity buffer is a 4 -12 month window. Longest lead items are Site Selection, Generators and Electrical Switch Gear 5

Data Centre Site Selection GFS data centre “heat map” Over 30 weighted criteria in 9 major areas such as: Internet Population, Internet Peering, Power Pricing and Corporate Citizenship It takes a lot of groups to build data centres -- we work with: MS TAX MS Real Estate and Facilities MS Corporate Affairs MS Legal MS Treasury Local MS Sales Offices And more 6 SITE SELECTION HEAT MAP

Data Centre Locations Microsoft has data centres globally including leased and built facilities Sites range from mega centres we’re building to smaller co-locations Data centres measured in Megawatts, not square feet The number of servers that can fit in a space keeps increasing (server density) so the amount of power needed goes up In the last year Microsoft has announced data centre projects in Quincy, WA; San Antonio, TX; Chicago, IL and Dublin, Ireland 7

New Data Centre: Dublin will be a 27 MW datacentre located on a 18. 9 acre site Total building footprint is 570, 000 Eventual Dublin Site square feet Microsoft’s first ground-up datacentre project outside the US Represents the continuing evolution Dublin Rendering of a tested, industry leading design including energy efficiency features 8

New Data Centre: Chicago could eventually be more than 100 MW Total building footprint is 550, 000 square feet This facility will be one of the largest data centres in the world Will also use energy efficient, industry leading designs 9

Data Centre Innovation What is a server or a data centre? Innovation focus: performance, cost and efficiency Technology leaps create competitive advantage Some areas of innovation being worked on by GFS with other product groups, Microsoft Research, partners and industry bodies: Density Modular (faster deployment) Cooling advances 10

Power Consumption • In 2006, U. S. data centres consumed an estimated 61 billion kilowatthours (k. Wh) of energy or about 1. 5% of the total electricity consumed in the U. S. that year at a cost of US$4. 5 billion • more than the electricity consumed by all color televisions in the country • equivalent to the electricity consumption of about 5. 8 million average U. S. households. • Data centres power and cooling infrastructure accounts for about half of that electricity consumption; IT equipment accounts for the other half. • If the status quo continues, by 2011, data centres will consume 100 billion k. Wh of energy, at a total annual cost of US$7. 4 billion. Those levels of power consumption would also necessitate the construction of 10 additional power plants. • As an Industry Segment, data centres are the fastest growing Energy Segment in the US.

Data Centre Sustainability Building for sustainability is important for the environment, as well as ongoing power costs/usage Sustainability built from the ground up Outside air cooling in Dublin and Chicago Hydro-electric power in Quincy “Grey” water used in San Antonio Reflective and emissive paint Innovations for sustainability: Servers that use less power Data centres that control power use Participation in Industry Groups like Green. Grid and Climate Savers

Business Case for Improving Save Energy – Sustainable Environment! Lowers Cost for Computation and TCO Improved profitability Competitive advantage

Best Practices at Microsoft 1. Eliminate the mixing of hot and cold air 2. Better temperature control and airflow distribution 3. Use economizers 4. Engineer the Data Center 5. Measure your Power Usage Effectiveness 6. Monitor and Control your data center performance real time 7. Eliminate over-provisioning for maximum efficiency and productivity 8. Optimize holistically everything that goes in the data center 9. Make the data center operations part of the culture 10. Share and Learn from industry partners

Best Practices at Microsoft Better temperature control and airflow distribution Orient AC units perpendicular to hot aisles Draws hot air down the hot aisle Design for Uniform Static • Use 0. 8 -1. 0 m raised floor • Use adjustable vent tiles • No vent tiles next to AC Match Sum of IT equipment airflow with CRAC airflow Limits recirculation over top of racks and ensure fresh air to all servers

Best Practices at Microsoft Use economizers • Use water side economizers which use outside air to cool chilled water • Use air side economizers which bring outside air directly into the data center

Best Practices at Microsoft Engineer the Data Center and Optimize the environment • Design a Data Center like a server • Data Center is now the Computer • Develop a data center engineering team • Take Risks with new and efficient technologies • Containers • Economizers • Power distribution • Use Computation Fluid Dynamics to Optimize the Environment

Best Practices at Microsoft Measure your Power Usage Effectiveness DCi. E: Data Center Infrastructure Efficiency DCi. E X 100%

Best Practices at Microsoft Monitor and Control your data center performance • Measure server temperatures realtime and at the inlet throughout the datacenter • This is the only temperature that matters in the data center • Develop tools to capture performance, temperature and power throughout the data center • Mine your data to develop of a deep understanding on how to improve operations

Best Practices at Microsoft Eliminate over-provisioning for maximum efficiency & productivity • Scale the Infrastructure with your needs • Make sure you don’t have 100% of your infrastructure running for a load of 10% • Use power management and virtualization whenever possible • Drive up server utilization where ever possible • Match the data center Availability with the application needs • Don’t use Tier 4 data centers for non Critical applications • Use Power and Cooling Architectures that Don’t strand power • Develop flexible designs that don’t lock up capacity where it is not needed

Best Practices at Microsoft Make the data center operations part of the culture • Data Center metrics should be part of the day to day lingo • Develop tools to that help communicate operational health of your data center • Executives should be tracking improvements in your data center

Best Practices at Microsoft Share and Learn from industry partners • Work with the industry and share best practice • CSCI – founding member • The Green Grid – founding member • EPA • LBNL • ASHRAE • SPEC • etc • Be open minded and learn from others • Nobody knows it all • SHARE !!

© 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U. S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.