BUDA UNIVERSITY Use inside only Dr Ferenc Szlivka

ÓBUDA UNIVERSITY Use inside only! Dr. Ferenc Szlivka

Simple Hydraulic Circuit Closed Center Valve. mp 4

Symbols The hydraulic system can be displayed clearly on the drawings (drawings are called signals, switching signals too) simple symbols. The individual components, different components of the marking process. The symbol indicates the item and its function, but tells us nothing about the structure of the design element. Nominations are recorded to DIN ISO 1219. Following are the main symbols. The operation of the components are explained in later chapters. Note: The arrow symbol drawn at an angle means that the change is available. Pipe lines There is no connection between the pipelines connecting pipes Control line, drain line, transition position 3

Symbols 4

Symbols 5

Symbols of Ø Hydraulic Pumps & Motors Ø Hydraulic Actuators Ø Directional Control Valves Ø Pressure Control Valves Ø Flow Control Valves Ø Check Valves Ø Accessories

Pumps and Motors Film: Gear Pump. flv

Pumps and Motors Function Pump: Conversion of Mechanical to Hydraulic Energy Hydraulic Motor: Conversion of Hydraulic Energy into Mechanical Energy of Rotation

Pumps and Motors Symbols The hydraulic pumps and motors are marked with a circle, referring to the drive or the drive axle thin lines. The flow shows a circle drawn triangle. The interior of the triangle blackened as the working hydraulics fluids. The pneumatics, where the working fluid gas, the interior of the triangle is empty. The only sign of hydraulic motors differs from that of the pumps, the arrows indicating the direction of flow reversed. Pneumatics Gas Hydraulics Liquid 9

Fixed & Variable Displacement Pumps - One-way transmission - Two-way transmission -Variable displacement -One-way transmission -Variable displacement -Two-way transmission

Actuator symbols Fixed displacement pump, general -Variable displacement -One-way transmission - Two-way transmission Fixed displacement motor One rotation direction Two rotation directions 11

Pump With Electric Motor

Actuator symbols 13

Actuator symbols 14

Hydraulic Cylinders

Hydraulic Cylinders Single-acting cylinder The single-acting cylinder plug a hole, that is, only one workspace can affect the fluid pressure. The recoil in these cylinders or external power - this drawing represents the lid open - spring or create it. The spring into the draw. Single-acting cylinders, external power return Single-acting cylinder, spring refund Single-acting telescopic cylinder 16

Hydraulic Cylinders Double-acting cylinder The double-acting cylinders with two connector openings. Through these happens to the pressure of cylinder flooded with fluid. One side of the doubleacting piston cylinder means that the piston surface is larger than the surface area of piston ring. Double-sided piston rod (rod through) with the cylinder surfaces of equal dimension. The differential piston rod cylinders to draw two lines can be distinguished. The interface is similar to conventional 2: 1 ratio indicated. A double-acting telescopic cylinders as single működésűeket the nested pistons. The end position is braked double-acting cylinders represents the present small rectangle drawn. One-sided piston rod Duct on both sides of the piston rod differential Cylinder 17

Hydraulic Cylinders telescopic cylinder A left end position braking Double-sided braking end position Double-sided adjustable end position braking 18

Cylinder Symbols 19

Way Directional Control Valves Function Ø Open or Close Various Flow Paths Ø Designated by number of ports & Switching Positions Ø Ex. 4/3 DC Valve

Symbols of way directional control valves The number of service ports in the numerator The number of operating positions (spool position) in the denominator The connections marked the delivery side P pressure port (pump port) T tank port (drain port) A, B consumer port, working port 2/2 - way directional valve 3/2 -way directional valve 4/2 - way directional valve 4/3 - way directional valve 21

Way Directional Control Valves Function Older standard CETOP standard Comité Européen des Transmissions Oléohydrauliques et Pneumatiques. Energy source Working connections Exhaust point (tank) Control point Drain line connection P A, B, C R, S, T X, Y, Z R, L 1 2, 4, 6 3, 5, 7 12, 14, 16 9

Way Directional Control Valves Fluidsim -P

Way Directional Control Valves

4/3 Directional Control Valve

Symbols of way directional control valves The way directional valves are marked with squares drawn one after the other. The number of squares gives the number of possible operating positions of the valve. The boxes drawn arrows indicate the flow direction. The lines he is given, the different operating positions of the channels how they are connected to each other. For links are two different possibilities. Or P, T, A, B and L letters, or 1, 2, 3, 4. . numbers. The markings on the valve is always subject to status. If there is none, the nominations for the operating condition on which the valve is in the position and equipment. The main thing is the operational situation, which picks up the slack to operate the force is removed. The valves of marking the first time ever the number of service ports (paths), then the number of operating positions (spool position) grant. The way valves have two positions (operating position) and a minimum of at least two joints. In this case, 2/2 way walve talking (two per two way valve). The way valves and marking as shown below. 28

Symbols of way directional valves The solenoid valve is controlled by applying a voltage signal at the solenoid coil. The flow passes freely from 1 to 4. By stopping the signal the valve is set back to its starting position trough the use of a return s ring. The flow passes freely from 1 to 2. If no signal is applied to the valve, it can be manually operated. This valve is derived from a configurable 5/n way valve. You find this valve in the component library "Frequently used Way Valves", under the Library. . 29

Symbols of way directional valves The directional control valve position different operating modes can be changed. The valve symbol adds the marking operation. Among varieties of operation shown in FIG several developed such. push button, foot pedal, pressure roller arm, the valve spring reset is required. Lever-operated valve locking devices exist on the restore lever-operated happen again. It is possible to operate other forms found in the standard ISO 1219. -general marking and spring return Leakage connection -pushbutton spring and Restore - crank lever lock - Foot pedal spring return 30

Symbols of way directional walves Mechanically operated -push-button or pin -spring -roller lever General Marking Specify the operation mode, if it does not have to sign in 31

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Symbols 33

Symbols Hydraulic Symbols - Part A - www. motioninstituteonline_com. flv 34

Symbols Hydraulic Symbols – Part B - www. motioninstituteonline_com. flv 35

Pressure Control Valves Function Ø To Control Pressure in the system Ø Protects the system from high pressure

Symbols of pressure control valves Pressure control valves are valves which influence the system pressure in a system or part of a system in a particular way. This is achieved by changing the size of throttle openings, which may be done by the use of mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatics or electrically operated adjustment elements. Depending on how the throttle opening is sealed pressure control valves may be either spool or poppet valves. With respect to function, these valves may be put into four Groups: - Pressure relief valves - Pressure sequence valves - Pressure shut-off valves and - Pressure reducing valves The valves may be either direct operated or pilot operated. 37

Symbols of pressure control valves The pressure control valves are marked with squarers The squares represent a. Arrow shows the direction of the flow. The valve terminals in with P (pressure line) and T (tank) or A and designated B (wires). The arrow on the box shows that the resting position of the valve is closed or open. . Pressure control valves vagy Open vagy open flow from A to P, T closed We distinguish between fixed and adjustable preset pressure management valves. The latter refers to the spring obliquely drawn arrow. Fix positioned adjustable 38

Symbols 39

Symbols Pressure relief valve The pressure reliefe valve that is normally closed, the input of the control pressure will be queried at the p(A). This pressure can through the initial input control line the surface of the slide valve, the slide valve spring tension against the control pressure. When the pressure and the resulting effective force overcomes the spring force, the valve opens. Adjustable opening pressure of the pressure relief on the basis of this principle. 40

Pressure Relief Valve closed Pressure Relief Valve. mp 4

Pressure Relief Valve open

Pressure Relief Valve To save the pump

Symbols Pressure control valve, Pessure reducing valve The normally open pressure reducer the input of the control pressure is will be queried (lekérdezett) at the output: A(B). This pressure acts on the valve via the control line the surface of the slide valve and creates a force. The opposing force generated by the spring force. The valve starts to be closed when the discharge pressure is greater than the spring force. The closing process to a pressure drop between the input and output valves (butterfly effect). If the output pressure reaches a predetermined value, the valve closes completely. The inlet valve appears a maximum pressure of the system, and output is the reduced pressure. The pressure relief valve can therefore only set pressure is less than the outstanding value. TYCO. PRV-1 Pressure Regulating Valve. mp 4 44

Flow Control Valves Function Ø To regulate Volumetric Flow Rate

Flow control Symbols Flow control valves The flow control valves distinguish independent viscosity and viscosity dependent throttle. The viscosity independent throttles marked with a disk. The flow control valves cause pressure loss in the hydraulic system. The two-way flow control valve actuator is perpetuate a differential pressure valve, which is called pressure balance. The valve is a sign of a rectangle, which can be found in the variable choke and pressure balance referring to the arrow. The angled arrow indicates the possibility of adjustment. Detailed labeling of the two-way flow control valve is. Trottle, viscosity dependent constant adjustable Disk, viscosity independent constant adjustable 46

Throttle Valve

Flow control Symbols 2 -way flow control valve dependent viscosity flow restriction adjustable 2 -way flow control valve viscosity independent adjustable 49

Symbols 50

Non-return and shut-off valves symbols The sign of check valves is a ball, wherein the seat is tight. The seat open triangle sign. The apex of the triangle does not show the flow direction, but the closing direction. The controlled check valves sign of a square drawn into the check valve symbol. The opening for access control expression of this sign on the dotted line. The control connection to the letter X. The stop sign two elements together triangle. The manual shut-off lever elements in any intermediate position be created. So it is an adjustable valve to which any number of positions. Because of the shut-off valves can also be used. The non-return valves spring-loading shut-off element without, spring-loaded valve Controlled non-return shut-off valve 51

Symbols 52

The use of symbols The figure shows a schematic hydraulic cylinder to ensure the energy supply system. Analyze the operation! Példa a jelképeknél. ct 53

The use of symbols Reading guide to drawing examples Easy-circuit hydraulic structure Shown in the figure depicts a schematic hydraulic cylinder to ensure the energy supply system. The drive motor drives the pump, which sucks the liquid from the tank and through the spring-loaded check valve in the pipeline way valve press. The way valve in basic position is closed, causing the pump overload. We should to put a pressure relife valve in parallel to avoid the overload. 54

The use of symbols Reading guide to drawing examples Easy-circuit hydraulic structure The pressure relief setting of the opening pressure of the container is opened to allow the working fluid delivered by the pump. The pressure relief thus protects the pump from overload. The way valve has three positions and four flow connections. The spool is moved by electrically controlled, and spring returned. Depending on the cylinder out, or you want to run, you must set the path changer to the right or the left-most position. Thus, the fluid in the pipe ram piston behind or in front of flow and movement of the plunger. If a given amount of force exerted on the piston rod, the piston moves only when the pipeline pressure overcomes fhe pressure inside of the cylinder load due to the pressure (P = F / A). The pump is therefore not produced, but also withstand the pressure. 55

The use of symbols Reading guide to drawing examples Easy-circuit hydraulic structure The cylinder piston speed can adjust with the flow control valve end the check valve. The pressure on the liquid side of the check valve flows, while the return path, the choke and that's where the speed control. The throttle the flow area reduces the size of, such as less liquid can flow through, thus slowing the piston. The cylinder with adjustable stroke termination braking in both end positions To avoid impingement against the highenergy. From the cylinder to the reservoir fluid flow path through the valve flows through a filter, which filters and thus filtered fluid is returned to the tank contaminants. 56

The use of symbols 57

Symbols 58