BUBONIC PLAGUE By Ashley Konich Agenda Scientific name

BUBONIC PLAGUE By: Ashley Konich

Agenda ◦ Scientific name ◦ Pathophysiology ◦ Transmission ◦ Symptoms ◦ Treatment/Vaccines ◦ Mortality rate ◦ How widespread?

Scientific Name ◦ Yersinia Pestis ◦ Bacterial Infection ◦ Enterobacteriaceae family Source: https: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Yersinia_pestis

Pathophysiology ◦ Infection of lymphatic system Source: https: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Oriental_rat_flea ◦ Yersinia pestis lives in the digestive tract of mammals ◦ Vectors: rats, mice, fleas ◦ Xenopsylla cheopis (the rat flea) enables propagation ◦ The rat flea regurgitates infested blood into bite site of host ◦ Affects tissues

Transmission ◦ An infected rat flea bite ◦ Direct contact with infected animals tissues/fluids Source: http: //www. ppdictionary. com/bacteria/gnbac/pestis. htm

Symptoms ◦ 1 st step in progression ◦ May occur 2 -5 days follow the bite of an infected flea ◦ Lymphadenitis* Source: https: //commons. wikimedia. org/wiki/File: Plague_-buboes. jpg - Buboes Armpits Groin Upper femoral region Neck region Source: http: //www. visualdx. com/publichealth/bubonic-plague

Symptoms Continued ◦ Acral Necrosis ◦ Chills Source: http: //reference. medscape. com/features/sl ideshow/community-acquired-diseases ◦ Discomfort ◦ High Fever (102 F) ◦ Muscle Cramps ◦ Seizures ◦ Pain Sourcehttp: //marsimmigrantfuturesto ries. theblogpress. com/threatinfectious-epidemics/ Source: http: //clinmedjournals. org/articles/jrdt/ jrdt-1 -016. php? jid=jrdt

Treatment & Vaccines ◦ Antibiotics - Aminoglycosides - streptomycin - gentamicin - tetracycline - Fluoroquinolone - ciprofloxacin ◦ Vaccine in development

Mortality rate ◦ Pre-antibiotic era (early 1900’s) - 66% ◦ Antibiotics: 1990 -2010 - 11% ◦ Untreated - 80% die within 8 days

How widespread? ◦ World disease *The dot represents the magnitude of the impact within the country, not necessarily the geographic location of the outbreaks; dots may represent more than one outbreak. Source: World Health Organization (WHO)

References ◦ Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2015). Maps and Statistics | Plague | CDC. Retrieved August 1, 2016, from https: //www. cdc. gov/plague/maps/index. html ◦ J. Ungrad. Biol. S. (2010). Yersinia pestis Gram-Negative Bacteria Pathogen Profile Dictionary. Retrieved August 1, 2016, from http: //www. ppdictionary. com/bacteria/gnbac/pestis. htm ◦ Payton, M. (2016, July 15). Boy catches bubonic plague while hunting in Siberian mountains. Retrieved August 1, 2016, from http: //www. independent. co. uk/news/world/asia/bubonic-plaguerussian-boy-hike-siberian-mountains-infected-catches-black-death-a 7138861. html ◦ Wikia. (2013). Bubonic plague. Retrieved August 1, 2016, from http: //house. wikia. com/wiki/Bubonic_plague ◦ Wikipedia. (2016, July 25). Black Death. In Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved from https: //en. wikipedia. org/w/index. php? title=Black_Death&oldid=731466459