BTEC First Engineering Unit 1 The Engineered World

BTEC First Engineering Unit 1: The Engineered World Learning aim C Understand how engineering contributes to a sustainable future

BTEC First Engineering Unit 1: The Engineered World Starter On your mini white boards write down what you think happens to a product when it’s no longer used

BTEC First Engineering Unit 1: The Engineered World Starter Swap your 2 homework questions with the person to your right, then answer those 2 questions. Mark using the mark schemes once completed

BTEC First Engineering Unit 1: The Engineered World To be able to design exam questions and mark schemes which demonstrate your knowledge. To be able to identify how engineering contributes to a sustainable future by investigating the life cycle of a product.

BTEC First Engineering Unit 1: The Engineered World Life Cycle Assessment raw material extraction material production product disposal / recycling production of parts the product use assembly of products © Pearson Education Ltd 2012. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only.

BTEC First Engineering Unit 1: The Engineered World Material Production of Parts Assembly of Product Raw Material Extraction Recycle Re Use Disposal © Pearson Education Ltd 2012. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. Use

BTEC First Engineering Unit 1: The Engineered World Life Cycle Analysis: Handy Videos Life Cycle Analysis: https: //youtu. be/7 u 5 m. Qw. REN 6 Y Plastic Water bottle example: https: //youtu. be/Ul. G 1 Yd 66_l. I Refining Plastics: https: //youtu. be/g. Yn. Ggre 83 CI Chopping down trees: https: //youtu. be/WQIb. Fx 4 xc-M Processing wooden boards: https: //youtu. be/-DJyp. Fypt. RY Steel – from start to finish: https: //youtu. be/9 l 7 Jqonyo. KA Land-fill – (least sustainable) https: //youtu. be/18 FLf. QDIn. I 8 © Pearson Education Ltd 2012. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only.

BTEC First Engineering Unit 1: The Engineered World Raw materials extraction Metal: Metal OREs found beneath the ground. Excavated in open pit mines Wood: Trees are logged using chainsaws and vegetation removed before being loaded onto lorries Plastic: Crude oil is extracted from deep below the ground using oil wells Material production Metal: Rocks containing the Ore are Smelted: Heated to melt the metal inside so it flows out. (Alloys: Combined with other metals) Wood: Logs are sawn and planed into various sizes as well as being processed into manufactured boards Plastic: Crude oil is refined to remove the relevant chemicals from the ore. Pigments are added to make them colourful © Pearson Education Ltd 2012. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only.

BTEC First Engineering Unit 1: The Engineered World Production of parts Metal: Casting, Forging and Machining(milling/turning/drilling) Wood: Parts are cut using saws, routers. Also drilled and sanded Plastic: Injection Moulding and other industrial moulding techniques. Assembly Metal: Welding, screws, rivets Wood: Wood joints, adhesives, fixings (screws, nails, brackets) Plastic: Self tapping screws, adhesives, moulded clips © Pearson Education Ltd 2012. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only.

BTEC First Engineering Unit 1: The Engineered World OR, they will end up on Disposal/recycling Metal: Melted down and re-cast into new products or parts but this uses a lot of ENERGY Wood: Can be re-claimed (used intact), can also be chipped to form manufactured boards like chipboard or MDF Plastic: Theromo. Plastics and be melted down and remoulded into new products or parts but this uses a lot of ENERGY. (Thermo. SETTING plastics can’t be recycled) © Pearson Education Ltd 2012. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. LANDFILL Use • Does the product use energy or create any kind of waste or pollution? • How many times can the product be used before it comes to the end of it’s useful life?

BTEC First Engineering Unit 1: The Engineered World Reducing waste Reduce Reuse Engineers should think about using less materials and energy to manufacture products. If a product can be used again, this reduces the amount of materials going to landfill. Recover Recycle Waste materials can be treated to generate heat or power for other uses. Products can be broken down into materials that can then be re-manufactured to make new items. © Pearson Education Ltd 2012. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only.

BTEC First Engineering Unit 1: The Engineered World Lean manufacturing Just-in-Time Kaizan Poka-yoke Materials and components are delivered to a production line when they are needed, thus reducing cost and time. Many well-planned manufacturing systems are based on Just-in-Time. To make things better, a company needs to improve continuously. Kaizan is a system where ideas that are suggested by workers that can be used to make production better. Mistakes often happen in engineering. Pokayoke is a method that can be used to eliminate human error where tasks are repeated. The benefit to staff is that jobs become less boring. © Pearson Education Ltd 2012. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only.

BTEC First Engineering Unit 1: The Engineered World Renewable sources of energy Wind Solar Turbines are used to convert wind energy into electricity. They cause no air or water pollution, but are only efficient when it is windy. Photovoltaic cells use the light of the sun to produce electricity. They work most efficiently when they are south-facing. Hydro Geothermal Moving water can be used to generate electricity via a turbine. The water can be stored in a reservoir to make sure there is always a supply. Steam naturally heated by the earth can be used to turn a turbine. This then generates electricity. There is no pollution from geothermal energy. © Pearson Education Ltd 2012. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only.