BSC 2011 L ANNELIDS ARTHROPODS ECHINODERMS Animal Taxonomy

BSC 2011 L ANNELIDS, ARTHROPODS, ECHINODERMS

Animal Taxonomy (cont. ) � Domain Eukarya � Kingdom Animalia ○ Eumetazoa � Bilateria - Coelomates - Protostomes • Phylum Annelida – segmented worms ▪ Class Oligiochaeta – earthworms ▪ Class Polychaeta – sand worms ▪ Class Hirudinea – leeches • Phylum Arthropoda ▪ Chelicerates • Horseshoe crabs • Arachnids– spiders ▪ Crustaceans ▪ Myriapoda • Class Chilopoda – centipedes • Class Diplopoda – millipedes ▪ Insecta /Hexapoda– insects - Deuterostomes • Phylum Echinodermata ▪ ▪ ▪ Class Asteriodea – starfish Class Ophiuroidea – brittle stars Class Echinoidea – sea urchins Class Holothuroidea – sea cucumber Class Crinoidea – sea lillies

Phylum Annelida Segmented worms Circular and longitudinal muscles work against fluid filled coelom to produce changes in width and length Digestion – complete Circluation – closed (5 lateral hearts)

Phylum Annelida Class Oligiochaeta Earthworms Found in soil Can reach 3 meters!

Phylum Annelida Class Polychaeta Sand worms, feather dusters Almost all marine Live in substrate

Phylum Annelida Class Hirudinea Leeches “bloodsuckers”

Phylum Annelida Class Oligiochaeta Animal: Symmetry: Body cavity: Digestion: etc Circulation: Segmentation: Appendages: Nervous: Habitat: Respiration: Excretion: Locomotion: Support: Earthworm Bilateral coelomate – protostome complete – mouth, esophagus, crop, gizzard, closed, 5 hearts yes none dorsal brain, ventral nerve cord moist soils diffusion through body surface 2 lateral tubes circular and longitudinal muscles, setae hydrostatic skeleton

Earthworm model

Phylum Arthropoda Paired, jointed appendages Exoskeleton made of chitin Digestion – complete Circulation - open

Phylum Arthropoda Chelicerates Horseshoe crabs Arachnids – spiders, ticks, scorpians ○ 4 pairs of legs

Phylum Arthropoda Crustaceans crabs, shrimp, lobster, crayfish ○ 3 -5 pairs of legs

Phylum Arthropoda Crayfish dissection Male vs. female

Phylum Arthropoda Insects and relatives – breathe by trachea Chilopoda – centipedes ○ 1 pair of legs per segment Diplopoda ○ 2 pairs of legs per segment Insecta/Hexapods – ○ 3 pairs of legs

Phylum Arthropoda Class Insecta Grasshopper

Phylum Arthropoda Class Crustacea Animal: Symmetry: Body cavity: Digestion: Circulation: Segmentation: Appendages: Nervous: Habitat: Respiration: Excretion: Locomotion: Support: crayfish bilateral coelomate – protostome complete open, heart, blood vessels yes mouth parts, walking legs, swimmerets dorsal brain, ventral nerve cord aquatic gills green gland, gills walking legs exoskeleton

Phylum Arthropoda Class Insecta Animal: Symmetry: Body cavity: Digestion: etc. Circulation: Segmentation: Appendages: Nervous: Habitat: Respiration: Excretion: Locomotion: Support: Grasshopper bilatera coelomate – protostome complete – mouth, crop, gizzard, stomach, open, yes mouth parts, antennae, walking legs dorsal brain, ventral nerve cord terrestrial tracheal tubes opening at spiracles malpighian tubes, empty to intestine 2 pairs of wings, walking legs exoskeleton

Grasshopper model

Phylum Echinodermata Now we are dealing with the deuterostomes (1 st embryonic blastophore becomes anus) Marine “spiny-skinned” Endoskeleton covered by living tissue Adults are radially symmetrical but larvae are bilaterally symmetrical Water vascular system Digestion – complete Circulation – poorly developed

Phylum Echinodermata Class Asteroidea Starfish

Phylum Echinodermata Class Ophiuroidea Brittle stars

Phylum Echinodermata Class Echinoidea Sea urchins, sand dollar

Phylum Echinodermata Class Holothuroidea Sea cucumbers

Phylum Echinodermata Class Crinoidea Sea lillies

Phylum Echinodermata Class Asteroidea Animal: Symmetry: Body cavity: Digestion: Circulation: Segmentation: Appendages: Nervous: Habitat: Respiration: Excretion: Locomotion: Support: Starfish radial adult, bilateral larvae coelomate – deuterostome mouth, evertable stomach poorly developed no arms radial nerves aquatic skin gills, tube feet amoeboid cells arms, tube feet endoskeleton

Starfish model

Earthworm Dissection

Crayfish Dissection Gills have been Removed in drawing

What we are doing in today’s lab: Earthworm Dissection Crayfish dissection Phylum Annelida Observe prepared specimens Crayfish model: ○ Know following parts: stomach, compound eye, claw Grasshopper model: ○ Know following parts: brain, heart, nerve ganglion, crop, malpighian tubules Observe prepared specimens Microscope – look at cross section of earthworm Earthworm model: ○ Know following parts: brain, heart, esophagus, seminal vesicle, seminal receptacle, crop, gizzard, dorsal vessel, clitellum Phylum Arthropoda Phylum Echinodermata Observe prepared specimens Starfish model: ○ Know following parts: tube feet, spine, cardiac stomach, pyloric stomach, sex organs, radial nerve, nerve ring, circular canal