Brunei Darussalam Spectrum Monitoring TABLE OF CONTENT AITI

Brunei Darussalam Spectrum Monitoring

TABLE OF CONTENT § AITI Organization Structure § Tasks of the Monitoring Unit § AITI Spectrum Monitoring Equipment § Action Taken Against Unlicensed Radio § Previous Interference Cases

AITI ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE

MONITORING UNIT STRUCTURE Regulatory, International & National Infrastructure (RIN) Hj Jailani bin Hj Buntar Deputy Chief Executive Resource Management (RM) Norshahrul Nizam bin Othman Acting Assistant Chief Executive Monitoring and Quality of Service Mohammad Norelham bin Haji Zaini STO Monitoring and Quality of Service Mohammad Erman bin Nassar STO Monitoring & Qo. S Zul Madji Md Faiz Technician

TASKS OF THE MONITORING UNIT § Interference Resolution, to respond to interference complaints made by licensees example (RBPF, DCA) § Qo. S Monitoring, to measure the service quality of the operators cellular network example (Voice and Data services) § Occupancy and Frequency Assignment Station Monitoring, monitor frequencies conditions before frequency is assigned and to also verify if frequencies are used by licensed operators § Emission Level Tests, using ICNIRP standards we whether emission levels of transmitters are below recommended values, also to respond to public complaints example (Cellular base station near houses)

AITI SPECTRUM MONITORING EQUIPMENT Equipment Description Mobile Monitoring System Spectrum monitoring (9 k. Hz to 3 GHz) and direction finding (500 k. Hz to 3 GHz) Agilent E 4402 B Spectrum monitoring (9 k. Hz to 3 GHz) three antennas used to cover the range of HF, VHF and UHF R&S DDF 007 Spectrum Monitoring (9 k. Hz to 6 GHz) and direction finding (500 k. Hz to 3 GHz) SRM 3006 Emission Level Tests (27 MHz – 6 GHz) covered by two EField Antennas Nemo Qo. S Test System Cellular voice and data service tests (Coverage, Call drops, MOS values and throughput speeds) Wideband Radio sets For identifying FM or AM transmissions or to monitor amateur radio users activities (AOR-One, AOR 8200, ICOM IC-R 20 and ALINCO DJX-2000)

SPECTRUM MONITORING AND DIRECTION FINDING

QUALITY OF SERVICE TEST TOOL

EMISSION LEVEL MEASUREMENT Tower Guidelines Emission Levels Ensure stations are transmitting at a safe level

ACTION TAKEN AGAINST UNLICENSED RADIO Penalty for unlicensed station. Any person who establishes, installs, maintains, provides or operates a radiocommunication system or service or any radio-communication equipment in any place or on board any vessel, aircraft or in any vehicle in Brunei Darussalam without license granted under section 5 or otherwise infringes the privilege conferred upon the Authority by section 3 shall be guilty of an offence. (Telecommunications Order 2001, section 35) Enforcement Mechanisms 1. Warning and advise to stop operating 2. With assistance of police seize items and charge offence under section 35

PREVIOUS INTERFERENCE CASES § Department of Civil Aviation Complaint § Data. Stream Technologies Sdn Bhd W 900 - Burong Pingai - Airport § Progresif Cellular Sdn Bhd 3 G system

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL AVIATION COMPLAINT • 2 nd of July 2012 voice communication channel (118. 7 MHz) interference was reported as a disruption between pilots to ground staff communications which only effected the ground staff receivers. • The initial reports from DCA communications staff states that the interference only occurs between the times 6 pm to 6 am every day at non-fixed intervals. • Soon after it was then reported that the interference has started occurring throughout the whole day at non fixed intervals. • The receiver antenna station is located in Terunjing Lambak and DCA has a backup emergency set which its antenna is located on the new tower and is not affected by the interference.

INTERFERENCE MONITORING • Measurements were made in different locations (Jerudong, Muara, Mentiri and Subok) and no interfering signals were found in these areas except for the Terunjing area which indicates that the interfering signal may be originating from the DCA compound itself. • After spectrum measurements were made in different points of the Terunjing station the interfering signal was found to be a wide spread signal with the range of 108 MHz to 136 MHz. • The signals amplitude is ranged at 10 to 20 d. B from noise floor and shifts slightly in frequencies in 3 -5 mins intervals and is at its strongest at the center of the DCA Terunjing parking area. • The interfering signal has 50 Khz bandwidth (see Fig. 1 and 2).

VISUALIZATION OF INTERFERENCE Fig. 1 Frequency range 118 MHz to 119 MHz Fig. 2 Frequency range 117 MHz to 125 MHz

INTERFERENCE RESOLUTION Fig. 3 Ac to Dc Converter Fig. 4 No interference when obstacle light was powered down • A total system power down and powering up section by section the source of the interference was found to be originating from an electrical component of the obstacle light located on top of DCA Doppler Weather Radar. • The Monitoring unit would of detected the source sooner if a portable direction finder was available.

DST Burong Pingai and Airport Interference

Burong Pingai Suspected House

Burong Pingai

Outcome 1. Found out that the antenna is faulty and emitting the signal. Switch off test reveal that the signal is gone when the equipment is switch off. 2. Owner is suggest to switch off the equipment. 3. After switch off for 2 days, no more interference can be seen. Confirm by DST report.

RFID panel I CENTRE Main power supply

Outcome (2) 1. Found out that the antenna is faulty and emitting the signal. Switch off test reveal that the signal is gone when the equipment is switch off. 2. AITI advised I centre to switch off the equipment. The test is done with AITI and John Harith

Airport MMs stations

Airport

Outcome • We suspect the power supply board and get the decision to turn it off temporarily to see if the interference level drop. • Unfortunately, DST mention that the noise level is still high even after the turning off. • Until now, still trying to find the interference source due to intermittent and lack of 24 hour monitoring.

PCSB Tungku Link Base station Worst area coverage : Antenna Sector 3 and 4

Sector 3 Tungku Link Interfered base-stations The house is suspected of using a Cordless Phone (Panasonic) Model No: KXTGDA 20 which causing the interference.

Sector 3 PCSB Tungku Link Cordless Phone (Panasonic) Model No: KX-TGDA 20 Frequency Range: 1. 92 GHz to 1. 93 GHz

Outcome • Cordless Phone (Panasonic) belong to MR. Teo • Model No: KX-TGDA 20 • The Owner claimed that he buy the item form Singapore and advised him to Frequency Range: 1. 92 GHz to 1. 93 GHs stop operating and dismantle the equipment. • As of 1 st May 2017, PCSB have reported that no more interference is observed by the interfered base station.

Sector 4 Tungku Link Interfered base-stations The house is suspected of using a Cordless Phone (GE) Model No: GE 1803 HY which causing the interference.

Sector 4 PCSB Tungku Link Cordless Phone (GE) Model No: GE 1803 HY Frequency Range: 1. 92 GHz to 1. 93 GHz

Outcome • Cordless Phone (GE) belong to Hj Suhaimi Bin Hj Md. Noor • Model No: GE 1803 HY Frequency Range: 1. 92 GHz to 1. 93 GHs • The Owner claimed that he buy the item form China and advised him to stop operating and dismantle the equipment. • As of 4 th May 2017, PCSB have reported that no more interference is observed by the interfered base station.