Brookfield Avenue Landfill Closure and PostClosure Use Project

Brookfield Avenue Landfill Closure and Post-Closure Use Project NC SWANA 2014 Fall Conference Wrightsville Beach Martin Sanford, PE October 14, 2014

Outline • Project Summary • Closure Design Components • End Use Plan – Public Use – Ecological restoration • Lessons Learned Brookfield Ave Landfill Project

Project Summary • 132 -acre New York City MSW landfill on Staten Island – Operated from 1966 to 1980 – Classified as Class 2 Inactive Hazardous Waste Disposal Site in 1986 • Existing utility infrastructure on the property – 48” Interceptor sewer and pump station – Triple reinforced concrete stormwater culvert – Water and gas lines • Project Schedule – Construction started in 2010 – Project currently in the two year contractor maintenance phase Brookfield Ave Landfill Project

Richmond Creek East Cell Salt Marsh Wetlands Pump Station West Cell r Sewe ptor e interc ve. hur t r A Pre Construction Aerial Photo Brookfield Ave Landfill Project A Kill Wetlands

Design Summary • Complexity of final cover, remediation, and wetlands construction – – – Extensive Grading and Shaping Standard Subtitle D Landfill Cap Geotechnical Slurry Barrier Wall Active Gas Collection System and Flare Station Leachate Collection System • Extensive Landscaping Improvement • Wetland Restoration • Maintain access to existing infrastructure Brookfield Ave Landfill Project

2010 Aerial after Tree Clearing Brookfield Ave Landfill Project

Typical Landfill Cap 6”- 36” TOPSOIL LAYER 12” BARRIER PROTECTION LAYER GEOCOMPOSITE DRAINAGE NET 40 mil LLDPE GEOMEMBRANE GEOCOMPOSITE DRAINAGE NET (GAS COLLECTION LAYER) MIN 12” INTERMEDIATE COVER/ GRADING LAYER 132 Acres of Landfill Cap

Landfill Cap Rd. Brookfield Avenue Landfill Ar th ur Ki ll NORTH hm Ric d on C e re k Landfill Cap Richmond Avenue East Cell Landfill Cap West Cell Legend Groundwater Barrier Wall Enclosed Gas Flare Leachate Collection Trench

Typical slurry barrier wall construction

Wetland Restoration – East Cell Over Cap Wetland Restoration – Wetlands constructed over cap Brookfield Ave Landfill Project

End Use Plan – Public Use Park and Recreational Areas • Public Use – “Ecological Restoration” – Total site 272 Acres – 15 Acres ACTIVE Recreation – Three Future Multi-Purpose Sports Fields – 257 Acres of protection and restoration for PASSIVE recreation • Park and Recreation Elements – Access and Parking – Pedestrian Pathways and Trails – ADA Considerations Brookfield Ave Landfill Project

Post Closure “End Use Plan” Brookfield Ave Landfill Project

NYCDEP End Use Plan – Ecological Restoration • Ecological Restoration Re-introduce Native Plant Materials Re-introduce Wetland Areas Restore Salt Marsh Provide Wildlife Habitat Minimize Irrigation, Fertilizing and Herbicides – Improve Water Quality and Reduce Future Soil Erosion – – – Brookfield Ave Landfill Project

2014 Aerial during Maintenance Period Brookfield Ave Landfill Project

Lessons Learned • • • Drainage Flaps Planting Berms Swale Crossings Pipe Crossings Site Access – Construction and End Use Protection from Public Access and Deer Brookfield Ave Landfill Project

Drainage Flaps Problem: • Landfill side slopes were flat • Drainage flaps were long, 100 to 150 feet in some cases. – Future settlement of the flap could cause drainage issues. Solution • Extended completely under the road to the embankment to discharge offsite. Brookfield Ave Landfill Project

Planting Berms Design • 36” topsoil for trees and shrubs – Mounds built on top of the landfill cap. • Problem – Berms blocked stormwater sheet flow. – Caused ponding and erosion. • Solution – Erosion gullies filled with filter fabric and riprap. – Install small basins and piping. Brookfield Ave Landfill Project

Swale Crossings Design • Pedestrian and bike paths tied into the perimeter maintenance road and concrete swale Problem • No mechanism for people or bike riders to cross the swale Solution • Purchase grates, chip out the concrete, and install grates in place Brookfield Ave Landfill Project

Pipe Crossings Design • Drop inlets placed at low points to convey stormwater. • 15” CPP pipes drained were installed under road. Problem • Clearance for CPP pipe during active construction. Solution • Pipes changed to 12” Ductile Iron Pipe. Brookfield Ave Landfill Project

Site Access During Construction and End-Use • Construction site entrance through residential areas. – Concern with daily trucks access through the neighborhood. • Public park access – One access for both vehicles and pedestrians. – Additional parking and pedestrian entrances added. • Local FDNY input – 30 foot wide access to the flare. – Secondary access for emergencies. Brookfield Ave Landfill Project

Protection from Public Access and Deer • Leachate collection system with nine pumping chambers. – Control panel located near pedestrian and bike paths. – Panels were exposed to tampering by the public. – Panels placed inside lockable cabinets to prevent park users from turning the pumps on and off. • Protection of 17, 000 trees and shrubs. – Deer was observed eating the new plantings, which had to be replaced. – 10, 000 feet of deer fence added to protect the newly planted landscaping. Brookfield Ave Landfill Project

Other Keys to Project Success • Hauling of 2. 4 million tons of soil materials – – Common Fill – 927, 000 Protective Cover – 798, 000 Wetland Topsoil – 125, 000 Topsoil – 554, 000 • Stakeholder Engagement – Citizen Advisory Committee – State and local government • Remaining Project Schedule – Contractor Maintenance Phase – Park areas scheduled to open in 2017 Brookfield Ave Landfill Project

Thank You! QUESTIONS?