Bringing Back Civil Discourse Fake News Real News
Bringing Back Civil Discourse Fake News, Real News, and Constructive Social Media Practices
Top 20 Fake Stories Outperform Top Mainstream Stories
Top 5 Compared
Fake News is very old § Political rumors and propaganda are ancient. § Yellow Journalism ca. 1900 s. § CIA’s efforts to subvert Soviet ideals in Europe
Many Great Libguides and Resources Available: § ALA: http: //www. programminglibrarian. org/articles/fake-news-library-round § Digital Resource Center at Stony Brook: http: //drc. centerfornewsliteracy. org/ § Stanford History Education Group: https: //sheg. stanford. edu/ § The New Literacy Project: http: //www. thenewsliteracyproject. org/ § Calling BS in the Age of Big Data: http: //callingbullshit. org/index. html § Harvard Library: http: //guides. library. harvard. edu/fake
CSU Chico’s CRAAP Test
Indiana University Lib. Guide: http: //iue. libguides. com/fakenews/index
New Challenges: an example
New Challenges: an example
New Challenges: an example
The Enabler of Fake News: Social Media § Information Literacy is important, but not enough to combat fake news by itself. § What motivates people to share a fake news piece and how can we reduce sharing? § All of us can appreciate seeing less fake news in the first place. § Can thoughtful sharing reduce not only fake news, but heavily biased news as well?
Psychological Principles of Effective Persuasion How to create better dialog
Moral Psychology and the dual-process model § Traditionally, moral decision making was thought largely along rational lines § This has changed over the last couple of decades. § Current suggested theory is the dual-process model of an intuitive system and rational system § Trolley & Footbridge Dilemma : widely used and studied. § What does this demonstrate about moral judgements and decision making?
Additional Non-Rational Components of Decision Making § Confirmation Bias: the tendency to overvalue and search for information that reinforces one’s existing belief § Cognitive Dissonance: Holding to two contradiction belief which results in trying to justify those beliefs irrationally or avoid thinking about them all together. § Tribalism: Ingroup vs Outgroup. Willingness to overlook the faults of the Ingroup while fixating on outgroup faults.
Politics is largely about morality and emotion § Fake news tries to elicit anger, disgust, or other strong emotions, often a sense of moral outrage § According to Jonathon Haidt, social conservatives and social liberals emphasize different values when forming moral judgements. In other words, they both seek to be moral, but have differing moralities.
Political groups are functionally moral tribes § To offend against another’s morality makes that person defensive. Persuasive dialogue stops and the dialogue becomes about winning rather than anything constructive. § Most strongly held political beliefs are based on a strong emotion or personal situation. E. g. , Anti-immigrant positions may not be based on racism or fear, but someone may have been put of work by their factory moving overseas. § A personal position like this may not be the most rational but it is emotional valid. § Many controversial politic topics are based on strongly held, emotional topics.
Another way to evaluate a fake news article: § This is making emotional, I want to share this sense of emotion with others. § What will this accomplish? Will this benefit anyone that I am sharing it with? § Will this promote constructive dialog with my friends, or just make them angry and unreceptive? § Is this likely article empathetic and emotionally constructive or Inflammatory?
The End § Any Questions? Thoughts, or Comments?
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