Breeds Types and Classes of Horses Chapter 3

Breeds, Types, and Classes of Horses Chapter 3

Breeding True: n The offspring will almost always posses the same characteristics as the parent

3 Foundation Stallions of Thoroughbred n n n Darley Arabian Byerly Turk Godophin Arabian

Foundation Sire of the Morgan n Justin Morgan

Foundation Sire of the Tennessee Walking Horse: n n Morgan Stallion Allen F-1

Morgan stallions contributed to the development: n n Standardbred Quarter American Albino Palomino

Height: n n n Measured in hands From top of withers to the ground Hand = 4 inches

Classification of Horses: Light: 12 -17. 2 hands 900 to 1400 lbs Used for: riding driving show, racing, or utility on farm or ranch n Draft: 14. 2 -17. 2 hands 1400 lbs or > Used for: heavy work or pulling n

n Ponies: 14. 2 or < hands 500 to 900 lbs.

Warm vs Cold Blood: Warm: refers to temperament of light to medium horse breeds -fine boned and suitable for riding -all breeds not definitely n Cold: heavy, solid, strong horses with a calm temperment n

Cob: n n n Sturdy, placid horse 14. 2 to 15. 2 hands Not heavy or coarse enough to be draft

Hack: n n n Enjoyable Good riding or driving Saddlebred in America

Miniature Horses: n 34 inches at the withers max

Feral Horses: n n Once domesticated and now wild ADA – mustang

Donkey breeds: 1. 2. 3. 4. Mammoth Jack Large Standard Miniature Mediterranean Donkey American Spotted Ass Miniature donkeys: 36 inches or < in height

Mule or Hinny: cross between donkey and horse n n Mule: offspring of a male donkey (jack) and a female horse (mare) Hinny: cross male horse (stallion) and a female donkey (jenny)

Mare n n Female horse Usually after having an offspring.

Filly n Young female horse

Brood Mare n Mare that is used strictly for breeding

Stallion n n Male horse STUD

Colt n Young male horse

Gelding n Castrated Male Horse

Foal n Young Horse male or female

Hand n n Unit of measurement for horses 4 inches

Pony n A breed of horse that is under 14. 2 hands.

Light Horse n n n Most horses, riding size. Above 14. 2 hands 800 – 1200 lbs.

Draft Horse n n n Work horses Above 14 hands 1100 – 2500 lbs

Colors of Horses

Black Solid black all over its body Mane, tail, skin and points black

Bay: n always has a black mane and tail and usually has black points. Can vary from a light, yellowish tan to a dark, rich reddish brown color.

Brown n Coat varies from medium to dark brown

Sorrel or Chestnut n n Basically red Mane and tail never black

Gray n n n Mixture of black and white hairs Dark skin Born dark and lighten with age

Paint n n Piebald: black and white spot Skewbald: white and any other color than black Tobiano: white color extends downward over the horse’s back Overa: white extends up from the belly and legs towards the back

Palomino n n Golden color, with a light colored mane and tail Mane and tail can be white, silver, or ivory

Buckskin or Dun n Modifications of the bay color pattern Color ranges from pale yellow to a dirty canvas color May show a dark stripe down its back and across its shoulders

White n n A true white is born white and stays white Pure white hair, pinks skin, and brown or blue eyes

Blue or Red Roan n Has a mixture of white and colored hairs