Brain Stem and Cerebellum Filip Barinka Brainstem Critically

Brain Stem and Cerebellum Filip Barinka

Brain-stem • Critically important part of the central nervous system, contains centers that take control of consciousness, cardiorespiratory regulation and many important reflexes. • Complex structure - contains different groups of nuclei and fiber pathways.

Fiber pathways in brain stem • Pathways beginning/terminating in brainstem • Pathways passing through the brain stem (but all of them give of collaterals to structures in the brain stem).

2 -most important to learn- ascending pathways Spino-bulbo-thalamo-cortical pathway Spino-thalamic pathway All these transversal sections with descriptions you can find at our website.

The most important descending pathway Lateral cortico-spinal Anterior cortico-spinal

Cranial nerve nuclei (dorsal view of the brain stem) Somatic motor Two groups can be distinguished, the medial one and the lateral one. The lateral one is described in englishwritten textbooks as a special-visceral motor group of nuclei.

Cranial nerve nuclei (dorsal view of the brain stem) Somatic motor Visceral motor, in english-written books usually described as general visceral motor group.

Cranial nerve nuclei (dorsal view of the brain stem) Somatic motor Visceral afferent

Cranial nerve nuclei (dorsal view of the brain stem) Somatic motor Visceral afferent Somatic afferent

Cranial nerve nuclei (dorsal view of the brain stem) Somatic motor Visceral motor You can find this picture also with describtion at our website. Visceral afferent Somatic afferent Special somatic afferent

Somatic afferent and somatic motor nuclei of N. trigeminus Proprioception from masticatory muscles Somatic motor fibers- masticatory muscles Gentle touch sensitivity, pressure, … Pain and temperature perception

Reticular formation • Complex of interconnected nuclei and smaller groups of neurons in the brain stem. • Roughly equivalent to Rexed laminas VII and X in the spinal cord. • Integrational and control center of many basic life functions (consciousness, hart rate, blood pressure, respiration, …) and reflexes.

Reticular formation-subdivisions • OBR Rapheal- Nuclei raphea Medial Lateral

Cerebellum • Center not only for movements coordination.

Cerebellar afferents

• All schemes and descriptions in this presentation are simplified. Please understand this matherial only as a help to your study, it does not cover everything you need to know about this topic.