BOWEL AND URINE ELIMINATION Part 1 Urine Elimination

KEY TERMS (Urine) • • Anuria Dysuria Enuresis Frequency Hesitancy Incontinence Nocturia

Anatomy of the Urinary System • • • Kidneys Bladder Ureters Urethra Act of micturition

Physiology of the Urinary System Function: o KIDNEYS o URETERS o BLADDER o URETHRA o ACT OF MICTURITION

Factors Influencing Urinary Elimination • • Developmental Considerations Food and Fluid Life Style Psychological Variables Activity and Muscle Tone Pathologic Conditions Medications

Assessment Data (Urinary Elimination) • Subjective data • Objective data • Diagnostic data

URINE SPECIMENS (TYPES) • ROUTINE URINALYSIS • CLEAN CATCH MID-STREAM • TIMED • CATHETERIZED

BOWEL ELIMINATION Key Terms

KEY TERMS (BOWEL ELIMINATION) • • • BOWEL MOVEMENT (BM) CONSTIPATION DIARRHEA ENEMA FECES FLATULENCE

BOWEL ELIMINATION (key terms con’t) • • • Flatus Impaction (fecal) Incontinence (fecal) Occult blood Peristalsis Stool

Factors influencing bowel elimination (con’t)

ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY OF BOWEL ELIMINATION

Anatomy of bowel elimination • • • Mouth Esophagus Stomach Small intestine large intestine

Large Intestine: • • • Function Innervation Peristalsis The normal urge Defecation

Factors Influence Bowel Elimination • • Usual patterns Food/fluid intake Activity level/muscle tone Life-style Psychological variables Pathological conditions Medications

Factors influencing bowel elimination (con’t) • • Diagnostic tests Surgery/anesthesia Irritants pain

Assessing bowel elimination need: • Subjective data • Objective data • Diagnostic studies • Radiographic studies

CLIENT TEACHING NEEDS R/T BOWEL ELIMINATION • • Use of cathartics, laxatives Perceived constipation Toilet training (rediness) Need for enemas Hygiene Ostomies (ostomy care) Bowel and bladder training