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Boundless Teaching Platform Boundless empowers educators to engage their students with affordable, customizable textbooks and intuitive teaching tools. The free Boundless Teaching Platform gives educators the ability to customize textbooks in more than 20 subjects that align to hundreds of popular titles. Get started by using high quality Boundless books, or make switching to our platform easier by building from Boundless content pre-organized to match the assigned textbook. This platform gives educators the tools they need to assign readings and assessments, monitor student activity, and lead their classes with pre-made teaching resources. Using Boundless Presentations The Appendix The appendix is for you to use to add depth and breadth to your lectures. You can simply drag and drop slides from the appendix into the main presentation to make for a richer lecture experience. Get started now at: http: //boundless. com/teaching-platform Free to edit, share, and copy Feel free to edit, share, and make as many copies of the Boundless presentations as you like. We encourage you to take these presentations and make them your own. If you have any questions or problems please email: educators@boundless. com Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com

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International Trade Introduction to International Trade Gains from Trade The United States in the Global Economy Barriers to Trade Arguments for and Against Protectionist Policy International Trade Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com

International Trade > Introduction to International Trade • Reasons for Trade • Understanding Production Possibilities • Defining Absolute Advantage • Defining Comparative Advantage • Absolute Advantage Versus Comparative Advantage • Benefits of Specialization • Relationship Between Specialization and Trade Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com/economics/textbooks/boundless-economics-textbook/international-trade-31/introduction-to-international-trade-124/

International Trade > Gains from Trade • Exports: The Economic Impacts of Selling Goods to Other Countries • Imports: The Economics Impacts of Buying Goods from Other Countries • Costs of Trade Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com/economics/textbooks/boundless-economics-textbook/international-trade-31/gains-from-trade-125/

International Trade > The United States in the Global Economy • The Importance of Trade • The Balance of Trade Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com/economics/textbooks/boundless-economics-textbook/international-trade-31/the-united-states-in-the-global-economy-126/

International Trade > Barriers to Trade • Tariffs • Quotas • Other Barriers Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com/economics/textbooks/boundless-economics-textbook/international-trade-31/barriers-to-trade-127/

International Trade > Arguments for and Against Protectionist Policy • National Security Argument • Infant Industry Argument • Unfair Competition Argument • Jobs Argument • A Summary of International Trade Agreements Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com/economics/textbooks/boundless-economics-textbook/international-trade-31/arguments-for-and-against-protectionist-policy 128/

Appendix Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com

International Trade Key terms • Absolute advantage The capability to produce more of a given product using less of a given resource than a competing entity. • absolute quota A limitation of the quantity of certain goods that may enter commerce during a specific period. • Autarky National economic self-sufficiency. • comparative advantage The ability of a party to produce a particular good or service at a lower margin and opportunity cost over another. • comparative advantage The ability of a party to produce a particular good or service at a lower marginal and opportunity cost over another. • competitive advantage Something that places a company or a person above the competition • countervailing duty A tax levied on an imported article to offset the unfair price advantage it holds due to a subsidy paid to producers or exporters by the government of the exporting country if such imports cause or threaten injury to a domestic industry. • Dumping Selling goods at less than their normal price, especially in the export market as a means of securing a monopoly. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com

International Trade • Dumping Selling goods at less than their normal price, especially in the export market as a means of securing a monopoly. • embargo A ban on trade with another country. • export Any good or commodity, transported from one country to another country in a legitimate fashion, typically for use in trade. • Foreign direct investment Investment into production or business in a country by an individual or company of another country. • free trade International trade free from government interference, especially trade free from tariffs or duties on imports. • import To bring (something) in from a foreign country, especially for sale or trade. • Import Quota A restriction on the import of something to a specific quantity. • Nascent Emerging; just coming into existence. • net capital outflow The net flow of funds being invested abroad by a country during a certain period of time. • net exports The difference between the monetary value of exports and imports. • Opportunity cost The cost of an opportunity forgone (and the loss of the benefits that could be received from that opportunity); the most valuable forgone alternative. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com

International Trade • Opportunity cost The cost of an opportunity forgone (and the loss of the benefits that could be received from that opportunity); the most valuable forgone alternative. • production possibilities curve The various combinations of amounts of two commodities that could be produced using the same fixed total amount of each of the factors of production • Production possibilities frontier A graph that shows the combinations of two commodities that could be produced using the same total amount of each of the factors of production. • protectionism A policy of protecting the domestic producers of a product by imposing tariffs, quotas or other barriers on imports. • quota A restriction on the import of something to a specific quantity. • Reverse engineering The process of analyzing the construction and operation of a product in order to manufacture a similar one. • sanction A penalty, or some coercive measure, intended to ensure compliance; especially one adopted by several nations, or by an international body. • Self-sufficiency Able to provide for oneself independently of others. • Subsidies Financial support or assistance, such as a grant. • tariff A system of government-imposed duties levied on imported or exported goods; a list of such duties, or the duties themselves. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com

International Trade • tariff-rate quota Allows a specified quantity of imported goods to be entered at a reduced rate of duty during the quota period, with quantities entered in excess of the quota limit subject to a higher duty rate. • trade Buying and selling of goods and services on a market. • Trade Balance The difference between the monetary value of exports and imports in an economy over a certain period of time. • welfare Health, safety, happiness and prosperity; well-being in any respect. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com

International Trade Exports The map shows the primary exporters for countries around the globe. The colors indicate the leading merchandise export destination for the indicated country (the United States main export destination is the European Union). Exporting is the act of shipping goods and services to other countries. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com Wikipedia. "Key export markets. " CC BY-SA http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Key_export_markets. png View on Boundless. com

International Trade Imports The map shows the largest importers on an international scale. The color indicates the leading source of merchandise imports for the indicated country (the United States' imports the largest percentage of its goods from China). Imports account for a significant share in the gross domestic product (GDP) of a country. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com Wikipedia. "Key import sources. " CC BY-SA http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Key_import_sources. png View on Boundless. com

International Trade NAFTA Participants This map outlines each of the countries involved in the North American Free Trade Agreement, an international trade agreement focused on a geographic proximity. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com Wikimedia. CC BY-SA http: //upload. wikimedia. org/wikipedia/commons/a/a 6/North_American_Agreement_(orthographic_projection). svg View on Boundless. com

International Trade GDP by Country This map demonstrates the vast difference in overall economic power across the globe, underlining the inequities that need to be addressed in economic policy formulation. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com Wikimedia. CC BY-SA http: //upload. wikimedia. org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/Map_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)_in_US$. png View on Boundless. com

International Trade Economic Losses in a Monopoly This chart highlights the very real risk of lost economic value in a monopolistic situation (deadweight loss in yellow). Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com Wikimedia. CC BY-SA http: //upload. wikimedia. org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/Monopoly-surpluses. svg View on Boundless. com

International Trade Effects of a Tariff When a tariff is levied on imported goods, the domestic price of the good rises. This benefits domestic producers by increasing producer surplus, but domestic consumers see a small consumer surplus. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com Wikipedia. "Tariff. " Public domain http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Tariff. JPG View on Boundless. com

International Trade Production Possibilities Frontier If production is efficient, the economy can choose between combinations on the PPF. Point X, however, is unattaible with existing resources and technology if trade does not occur. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com Wikipedia. "Production Possibilities Frontier Curve. " CC BY-SA https: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Production_Possibilities_Frontier_Curve. svg View on Boundless. com

International Trade Comparative Advantage Tom has the comparative advantage in producing ketchup, while Bob has the comparative advantage in producing mustard. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com Wikimedia. "Comparative advantage 2. " CC BY-SA https: //commons. wikimedia. org/wiki/File: Comparative_advantage_2. jpg View on Boundless. com

International Trade Silk Road Trade Even in ancient times, people benefited from widespread international trade. The benefits from international trade have increased as costs decline and the international system becomes better integrated. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com Wikipedia. "Silkroutes. " Public domain http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Silkroutes. jpg View on Boundless. com

International Trade Absolute Advantage Country A has an absolute advantage in making both food and clothing, but a comparative advantage only in food. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com Wikimedia. "Absolute advantage. " CC BY-SA https: //commons. wikimedia. org/wiki/File: Absolute_advantage. jpg View on Boundless. com

International Trade Comparative Advantage Chiplandia has a comparative advantage in producing computer chips, while Entertainia has a comparative advantage in producing CD players. Both nations can benefit from trade. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com Wikimedia. "Comparative Advantage. " CC BY https: //commons. wikimedia. org/wiki/File: Comparative_Advantage. jpg View on Boundless. com

International Trade APEC Participants The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) is a forum of 21 countries in the Pacific Rim region, focusing on free trade and economic cooperation. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com Wikimedia. CC BY-SA http: //upload. wikimedia. org/wikipedia/en/e/ed/APEC_enlargement. png View on Boundless. com

International Trade WTO Members The World Trade Organization (WTO) is an organization designed to oversee and enable international trade. This map shows how successful this has been on a global scale. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com Wikimedia. CC BY-SA http: //upload. wikimedia. org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/World_Trade_Organization_negotiations. svg View on Boundless. com

International Trade Balances on a Global Scale It is interesting to look at this graph and assess the extremity to which some nations are 'consumer nations' and others are 'producer nations. ' The U. S. and China are a great example of opposite sides of the spectrum, where the trade balance is heavily on one side of the spectrum. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com Wikimedia. CC BY-SA http: //upload. wikimedia. org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Cumulative_Current_Account_Balance. png View on Boundless. com

International Trade Twin Deficits in the US In the U. S. , net borrowing has tended to have a direct relationship with net imports. The red line represents net imports, which is equivalent to the negative balance of trade, and the black line represents net borrowing, which is equivalent to the government budget deficit. Although the two are not identical, a rise in one tends to accompany a rise in the other, and vice versa. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com Wikipedia. "Twin. E. " GNU FDL http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Twin. E. PNG View on Boundless. com

International Trade China and Consumer Electronics Many consumer electronics are manufactured in China can produce such goods more efficiently, which gives it an absolute advantage relative to many countries. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com Wikimedia. "Iphone 4 G-3 des screen. " CC BY-SA https: //commons. wikimedia. org/wiki/File: Iphone_4 G-3_des_screen. png View on Boundless. com

International Trade Absolute Advantage Party B has an absolute advantage in producing widgets. It can produce more widgets with the same amount of resources than Party A. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com Wikimedia. "Absolute advantage example 1. " CC BY http: //commons. wikimedia. org/wiki/File: Absolute_advantage_example_1. png View on Boundless. com

International Trade Economies of Scale The basic premise behind economies of scale is that higher production quantity reduces cost per unit, ultimately allowing for the derivation of economic advantage in the market. Infant industries generally do not have the capacity to do this. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com Wikimedia. CC BY-SA http: //upload. wikimedia. org/wikipedia/commons/3/38/Economies_of_scale. PNG View on Boundless. com

International Trade Tariffs This image shows what happens to societal welfare when free trade is not enacted. Tariffs cause the consumer surplus (green area) to decrease, while the producer surplus (yellow area) and government tax revenue (blue area) increase. The amount of societal loss (pink area) is larger than any benefits experienced by the producers and government. Free trade does not have tariffs and results in net gain for society. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com Wikipedia. "Effect. Of. Tariff. " CC BY-SA http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Effect. Of. Tariff. svg View on Boundless. com

International Trade Sugar: Tariff-Rate Barriers In the US, the import of sugar is regulated by tariff-rate barriers. In 2012, the US allowed over 150, 000 tons of raw cane sugar to be imported from Brazil at a reduced tariff rate. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com Wikimedia. "Raw cane sugar light. " CC BY-SA http: //commons. wikimedia. org/wiki/File: Raw_cane_sugar_light. JPG View on Boundless. com

International Trade Infant Mortality in Iraq During Sactions This graphic underlines the indirect consequences of employing economic levers (i. e. sanctions) in a militaristic fashion during a conflict. While the justification for these figures is complex, including other war-related factors, the correlation is quite clear. Diminishing a country's economic prospects will in turn result in loss of life, particularly in developing nations. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com Wikimedia. CC BY-SA http: //upload. wikimedia. org/wikipedia/en/3/3 f/Iraq-infant-mortality. png View on Boundless. com

International Trade Countries benefit from producing goods in which they have comparative advantage and trading them for goods in which other countries have the comparative advantage. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com Wikimedia. "CMA CGM Balzac. " CC BY-SA https: //commons. wikimedia. org/wiki/File: CMA_CGM_Balzac. jpg View on Boundless. com

International Trade Attribution • Wikibooks. "IB Economics/International Economics/Reasons for trade. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 https: //en. wikibooks. org/wiki/IB_Economics/International_Economics/Reasons_for_trade • Wikipedia. "International trade. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 https: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/International_trade • mreape Wikispace. "UNIT 7 Open Econom. Y- International Trade and Finance. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //mreape. wikispaces. com/UNIT+7+Open+Econom. Y-+International+Trade+and+Finance • mchenry Wikispace. "International Trade. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 https: //mchenry. wikispaces. com/International+Trade • Boundless Learning. "Boundless. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //www. boundless. com//business/definition/comparative-advantage • mallorykearney Wikispace. "Macro. Ch 3. pptx. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //mallorykearney. wikispaces. com/file/view/Macro. Ch 3. pptx? • Wikipedia. "Production–possibility frontier. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 https: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Production%E 2%80%93 possibility_frontier • Wiktionary. "Autarky. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wiktionary. org/wiki/Autarky • Wikipedia. "Free trade debate. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 https: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Free_trade_debate%23 Production_possibilities_frontiers_and_indifference_curves • mchenry Wikispace. "International Trade. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 https: //mchenry. wikispaces. com/International+Trade • Wikipedia. "Production possibilities frontier. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Production%20 possibilities%20 frontier • Wikibooks. "Principles of Economics/Production Possibilities. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 https: //en. wikibooks. org/wiki/Principles_of_Economics/Production_Possibilities • econ 100 -powers-sectiona Wikispace. "Absolute Advantage and Comparative advantage. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //econ 100 powers-sectiona. wikispaces. com/Absolute+Advantage+and+Comparative+advantage • Wikipedia. "Absolute advantage. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 https: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Absolute_advantage Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com • Wikipedia. "Absolute advantage. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 https: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Absolute_advantage

International Trade • business-tes Wikispace. "Comparative: Absolute advantage notes. doc. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //businesstes. wikispaces. com/file/detail/Comparative+&+Absolute+advantage+notes. doc • mbaecon Wikispace. "Comparative advantage and trade. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //mbaecon. wikispaces. com/Comparative+advantage+and+trade • Wiktionary. "competitive advantage. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wiktionary. org/wiki/competitive_advantage • mreape Wikispace. "UNIT 7 Open Econom. Y- International Trade and Finance. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //mreape. wikispaces. com/UNIT+7+Open+Econom. Y-+International+Trade+and+Finance • Wikipedia. "Competitive advantage. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Competitive_advantage • Wikipedia. "Comparative advantage. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 https: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Comparative_advantage • Wiktionary. "Opportunity cost. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wiktionary. org/wiki/Opportunity+cost • mchenry Wikispace. "International Trade. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 https: //mchenry. wikispaces. com/International+Trade • Boundless Learning. "Boundless. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //www. boundless. com//business/definition/comparative-advantage • Wikibooks. "IB Economics/International Economics/Reasons for trade. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 https: //en. wikibooks. org/wiki/IB_Economics/International_Economics/Reasons_for_trade • mrski-apecon-2008 Wikispace. "Interdependence and the Gains from Trade. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //mrski-apecon 2008. wikispaces. com/Chapter+3+-+Interdependence+and+the+Gains+from+Trade • Wikipedia. "Comparative advantage. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 https: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Comparative_advantage • Wiktionary. "Absolute advantage. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wiktionary. org/wiki/Absolute+advantage • mallorykearney Wikispace. "Macro. Ch 3. pptx? . " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //mallorykearney. wikispaces. com/file/view/Macro. Ch 3. pptx? • Boundless Learning. "Boundless. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //www. boundless. com//business/definition/comparative-advantage • mrski-apecon-2008 Wikispace. "Interdependence and the Gains. Free from Trade. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //mrski-apeconto share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com 2008. wikispaces. com/Chapter+3+-+Interdependence+and+the+Gains+from+Trade

International Trade • Boundless Learning. "Boundless. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //www. boundless. com//business/definition/comparative-advantage • Wikipedia. "Economies of scale. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Economies_of_scale • Wikipedia. "Learning. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Learning • Wikipedia. "Gains from trade. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 https: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Gains_from_trade • Wikipedia. "Comparative advantage. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Comparative_advantage • mallorykearney Wikispace. "Macro. Ch 3. pptx. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //mallorykearney. wikispaces. com/file/view/Macro. Ch 3. pptx • mchenry Wikispace. "International Trade. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //mchenry. wikispaces. com/International+Trade • mrski-apecon-2008 Wikispace. "Chapter 3 Independence and the Gains from Trade. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //mrski-apecon 2008. wikispaces. com/Chapter+3+Independence+and+the+Gains+from+Trade • Wiktionary. "Opportunity cost. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wiktionary. org/wiki/Opportunity+cost • mrski-apecon-2008 Wikispace. "Chapter 3 Independence and the Gains from Trade JBS. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //mrski-apecon 2008. wikispaces. com/Chapter+3+Independence+and+the+Gains+from+Trade+JBS • mrski-apecon-2008 Wikispace. "Interdependence and the Gains from Trade. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //mrski-apecon 2008. wikispaces. com/Chapter+3+-+Interdependence+and+the+Gains+from+Trade • mrski-apecon-2008 Wikispace. "CHAPTER 3. INTERDEPENDENCE AND THE GAINS FROM TRADE. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //mrski-apecon-2008. wikispaces. com/CHAPTER+3+. +INTERDEPENDENCE+AND+THE+GAINS+FROM+TRADE+; ) • Wikipedia. "Export. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Export • Wikipedia. "International trade. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/International_trade • Wiktionary. "export. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wiktionary. org/wiki/export • Wiktionary. "trade. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wiktionary. org/wiki/trade • Wikipedia. "Protectionism. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Protectionism • Wikipedia. "International trade. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/International_trade • Wiktionary. "import. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wiktionary. org/wiki/import Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com

International Trade • Wikipedia. "Imports. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Imports • Wiktionary. "protectionism. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wiktionary. org/wiki/protectionism • Wiktionary. "trade. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wiktionary. org/wiki/trade • Wikipedia. "Export. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Export • Wikipedia. "Import. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Import • Wiktionary. "free trade. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wiktionary. org/wiki/free_trade • Wiktionary. "tariff. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wiktionary. org/wiki/tariff • Wikipedia. "Free trade. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Free_trade • Wiktionary. "welfare. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wiktionary. org/wiki/welfare • Boundless Learning. "Boundless. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //www. boundless. com//business/definition/comparative-advantage • Wikipedia. "Bretton Woods system. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Bretton_Woods_system • Wikipedia. "Gains from Trade. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Gains_from_trade • Wikipedia. "Trade. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Trade • Wikipedia. "Economic Globalization. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Economic_globalization • Wikipedia. "Foreign Trade of the United States. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Foreign_trade_of_the_United_States • Wikipedia. "International Trade. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/International_trade • Wikipedia. "production possibilities curve. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/production%20 possibilities%20 curve • Wikipedia. "net exports. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/net%20 exports Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com

International Trade • Wikipedia. "Twin deficits hypothesis. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Twin_deficits_hypothesis • Wikipedia. "net capital outflow. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/net%20 capital%20 outflow • Wikipedia. "Balance of trade. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Balance_of_trade • resourcesforhistoryteachers Wikispace. "E. 7. 3 Define trade barriers, such as quotas and tariffs. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //resourcesforhistoryteachers. wikispaces. com/E. 7. 3+Define+trade+barriers, +such+as+quotas+and+tariffs • mchenry Wikispace. "International Trade. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //mchenry. wikispaces. com/International+Trade • Wikipedia. "Tariff. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Tariff • Wiktionary. "tariff. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wiktionary. org/wiki/tariff • Wikipedia. "tariff-rate quota. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/tariff-rate%20 quota • Wikipedia. "Import quota. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Import_quota • Wikipedia. "Non-tariff barriers to trade. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Non-tariff_barriers_to_trade%23 Quotas • Wikipedia. "absolute quota. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/absolute%20 quota • Wiktionary. "quota. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wiktionary. org/wiki/quota • Wikipedia. "Tariff-rate quota. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Tariff-rate_quota • Wikipedia. "Countervailing duty. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Countervailing_duty • Wikipedia. "Government procurement. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Government_procurement • Wikipedia. "Non-tariff barriers to trade. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Non-tariff_barriers_to_trade%23 Quotas • Wikipedia. "Technical barriers to trade. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Technical_barriers_to_trade • Wikipedia. "Dumping (pricing policy). " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Dumping_(pricing_policy) • Wiktionary. "embargo. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wiktionary. org/wiki/embargo Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com

International Trade • Wiktionary. "Dumping. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wiktionary. org/wiki/Dumping • Wiktionary. "countervailing duty. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wiktionary. org/wiki/countervailing_duty • Wikipedia. "Isolationism. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Isolationism • Wikipedia. "Economic sanctions. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Economic_sanctions • Wikipedia. "Protectionism. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Protectionism • Wikipedia. "International trade and state security. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/International_trade_and_state_security • Wikipedia. "Free trade debate. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Free_trade_debate • Wiktionary. "sanction. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wiktionary. org/wiki/sanction • Wiktionary. "Self-sufficiency. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wiktionary. org/wiki/Self-sufficiency • Wikipedia. "Isolationism. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Isolationism • Wikipedia. "Protectionism. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Protectionism • Wikipedia. "Infant industry argument. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Infant_industry_argument • Wikipedia. "Free trade debate. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Free_trade_debate • Wiktionary. "Dumping. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wiktionary. org/wiki/Dumping • Wiktionary. "Nascent. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wiktionary. org/wiki/Nascent • Wikipedia. "Protectionism. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Protectionism • Wikipedia. "Isolationism. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Isolationism • Wikipedia. "Commercial law. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Commercial_law • Wikipedia. "Unfair competition. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Unfair_competition Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com

International Trade • Wikipedia. "Free trade debate. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Free_trade_debate • Wikipedia. "Competition law. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Competition_law • Wiktionary. "Reverse engineering. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wiktionary. org/wiki/Reverse+engineering • Wiktionary. "Dumping. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wiktionary. org/wiki/Dumping • Wiktionary. "Subsidies. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wiktionary. org/wiki/Subsidies • Wikipedia. "Protectionism. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Protectionism • Wikipedia. "Isolationism. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Isolationism • Wikipedia. "Free trade debate. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Free_trade_debate • Wiktionary. "Import Quota. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wiktionary. org/wiki/Import+Quota • Wiktionary. "Trade Balance. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wiktionary. org/wiki/Trade+Balance • Wikipedia. "Protectionism. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Protectionism • Wikipedia. "Isolationism. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Isolationism • Wikipedia. "List of free trade agreements. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/List_of_free_trade_agreements • Wikipedia. "North American Free Trade Agreement. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/North_American_Free_Trade_Agreement • Wikipedia. "World Trade Organization. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/World_Trade_Organization • Wikipedia. "Foreign direct investment. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Foreign%20 direct%20 investment • Wikipedia. "Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Asia. Pacific_Economic_Cooperation • Wiktionary. "tariff. " CC BY-SA 3. 0 http: //en. wiktionary. org/wiki/tariff Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www. boundless. com