Bohr Model and Bonding Bohr Model Review n

Bohr Model and Bonding

Bohr Model Review n Bohr Models show us a visual representation of an atom n There are two things that You need to have: n The period that the element is in n The number of electrons n Practice the following elements

Bohr Practice n. Argon n. Oxygen 32 18 8 2 n. Neon n. Silicon n. Phosphorus 1 per 2 per 3 per 4 per

MAG-NE-SIUM

Atomic Structure n Protons = + charge (positive) n Neutrons = neutral n Protons and Neutrons are located in the nucleus n Electrons = - charge (negative) n Electrons are located in electron shells or energy levels or valences. n Each shell/level/valence holds a specific number of electrons

Which element is this? Helium

Argon Beryllium Barium Boron

Why do we have bonding? n Elements struggle to become “Happy”. n Being happy means having a full orbital= “ 8 electrons”, some elements have too many electrons and want to give up some electrons, some have too little electrons and want to gain some electrons. n In order to be stable, elements will either “transfer” or “share” electrons with each other

Lets look at some examples Some elements have only a couple of electrons in their outer shells, for them it’s easier to give up their few electrons Level/shell/valence = period Outer electrons = group

More examples Others are interested in gaining some electrons Remember, in order to be HAPPY they want to have 8 electrons in their outer shell.

AR-GON

PHOS-PHO-RUS

The story of Sodium What do you do if you are a sodium (Na) atom? You have eleven electrons, one too many to have your shell filled. You need to find another element who will take that electron away from you. Chlorine (Cl) will take that electron away and leave you with 10 electrons inside of two filled shells. You are a happy atom. Now you are also an ion and missing one electron. You are a sodium ion (Na+). You have one less electron than your atomic number.

The story of Sodium continued So now you've become a sodium ion (Na+). Now you have ten electrons. That's the same number as neon (Ne). But you aren't neon (Ne). Since you're missing an electron you aren't really a complete sodium (Na) atom either. You are now something completely new. An ion. Other electrically charged atoms (ions) are now looking at you and seeing a good partner to bond with. That's where chlorine comes in.

Two types of bonds n Ionic n Covalent n Ionic bonds are just n Covalent bonds are groups of charged where the electrons ions held together by are shared between electric forces two atoms between metals and non metals nonmetals Ionic Bonds

Which type of bond is Sodium? n Sodium would be an ionic bond n Evidence: n Ions are formed n Electrons are given to another atom n Sodium looks for other ions to bond with Vision Learning website

NI-TRO-GEN

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