Body Planes Directions Quadrants and Cavities Foundation Standard

Body Planes, Directions, Quadrants and Cavities

Foundation Standard 1: Academic Foundation • Continue: 1. 1 classify the basic structural and functional organization of the human body (cell, tissue, organs, systems) • 1. 2 Recognize body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities.

Checking for Understanding • Boards and Markers • Review Info on Cells and Tissue

Objectives Cont…. • Identify the main organs located in each body cavity • Locate body planes and quadrants. • Recognize body planes

Organs and Systems

Checking for Understanding • Organs Systems of the Human Body

Anatomical Position • Used to describe the positions and relationships of structures in the human body. • Correctly identify specific locations and directions when dealing with patients

Volunteer Please!!! Anatomical Position • • Stand Erect Gazing Straight Ahead Arms Down at Sides Palms Facing Forward Fingers Extended Legs Together Toes Pointing Forward

What are Body Planes? • Definition = imaginary lines drawn through the body to separate the body into sections. • Used to assist medical personnel in describing the body and its parts.

Checking for Understanding

Transverse Plane: Terms for Describing Body Position Horizontal plane dividing the body into a top and bottom half 1. Superior = body parts above other parts 2. Inferior = body parts below other parts

Transverse Plane: Terms for Describing Body Position 3. Cephalic = body parts near the head or above another structure. 4. Caudal = body parts located near the feet or tail, or below another structure.

Transverse Plane (Horizontal Plane)

Checking for Understanding

Sagittal Plane (Median Plane) Divides the body into right and left sides 1. Medial = body parts located near the middle or midline of the body 2. Lateral = body parts located away from the midline or middle of the body

Sagittal Plane (Median Plane)

Checking for Understanding

Coronal Plane (Frontal Plane) Divides the body into front and back section. 1. Anterior/ventral = body parts on the front of the body 2. Posterior/dorsal= body parts on the back of the body

Coronal Plane (Frontal Plane)

Review

Terms for Describing Body Position • Proximal = body parts close to the point of reference • Distal = body parts away from the point of reference

Checking for Understanding

Body Cavities: Spaces within the body which contain vital organs

Posterior Cavity: One long continuous cavity that is located on the back of the body, divided into two sections 1. Cranial Cavity = contains the brain 2. Spinal Cavity = contains the spinal cord

Anterior Cavities: Larger and separated into two distinct cavities by a dome-shaped muscle called the diaphragm, which is important for breathing 1. Thoracic Cavity = located in the chest, contains the heart, lungs, and the large blood vessels

2. Abdominal Cavity = divided into upper and lower parts Upper part contains the stomach, small intestines, most of the large intestines, liver, gallbladder, pancreas and spleen 3. Pelvic Cavity = lower abdominal cavity containing urinary bladder, the reproductive organs, and last part of the large intestines

Abdominal Regions: Quadrants 1. 2. 3. 4. Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ) Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ) Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ) Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ)

Abdominal Regions: • • • Epigastric Umbilical Hypochondriac Lumbar Inguinal Pubic