Body plane Sagittal plane median plane midsagittal line

신체의 절단면 Body plane • • • 시상면 Sagittal plane 정중면 median plane 정중시상면 midsagittal line • • 시상면 중 몸의 가운데를 지나는 것 관상면 coronal plane 횡단면 transverse plane 경사면 oblique plane

• • • 세포소기관 Nucleus • 핵막, 핵공 • Chromatin • Nucleolus-ribosome 생성 Mitochondria Peroxisome Endoplasmic reticulum Golgi complex Lysosome Vacuole Ribosome

세포막을 통한 물질의 이동 • • Diffusion Simple diffusion; 고농도 ->저농도 저농도, , 단순확산 diffusion; 고농도-> Facilitated diffusion; 운반단백질 Osmosis; 용매((물)이 이동 Active transport; 저농도 ->고농도 고농도, , ATP transport; 저농도-> 세포막 통과 못하는 큰 물질 이동 Endocytosis • Pinocytosis; 물에 녹은 물질 • Phagocytosis; 고체 • Receptor mediated endocytosis; 수용체와 결합 Exocytosis

• • Epithelium 보호상피, 샘상피 Endothelium • 혈관, 림프관의 내막 Mesothelium • 체강의 배막, 심장막, 가슴막 상피세포의 분류 • • • 단층상피 Simple squamous; 혈관 내피 Simple cuboidal; 외분비샘의 도관 Simple columnar; 소장, 대장 Pseudostratified; 기관지 중층상피 Stratified squamous Stratified cuboidal Stratified columnar Transitional

• • • Skin structure Epidermis Dermis Subcutaneous layer

• • • Accessory organs of he skin Gland • Sweat gland • Eccrine sweat gland 작은땀샘, 샘분비샘 • 땀 분비 • Apocrine sweat gland 큰땀샘, 부분분비샘 • 암내 Osmidrosis • Ceruminous gland • 귀지 • Mammary gland • 젖 • Sebaceous gland • 기름 분비 Hair Nail

• • • Bone formation(Ossification) Intramembranous ossification Endochondral ossification • 연골에서 골 형성 • Long bones and 대부분의 뼈 • Primary ossification center • Secondary ossification center • ->epiphyseal plate

• • Bone terminology Articular projection • Head • Condyle Non-articular projection • Process • Trochanter • Tuberosity • Tubercle • Epicondyle • Spine • Trochlea • Hamulus • Crest Depression, cavities, holes • Fossa/fovea • Sulcus • Sinus • Foramen • Fissure • Meatus

Human skeleton 206개 뼈 Axial skeleton; 80개 • Skull • Hyoid bone • Auditory ossicle • Vertebral column • Sternum • Ribs Appendicular skeleton • 126개 • Upper limb • Lower limb

골반 pelvis • • • terminal line, pelvic brim false pelvis true pelvis pelvic inlet pelvic outlet

Special features of the skull - paranasal sinus frontal sinus ethmoid sinus sphenoid sinus maxillary sinus pranasal sinusitis

Special features of the skull - sutures Sagittal suture Coronal Lambdoid Squamous

• • Normal curvature of vertebral column Primary curvature-태아에서 형성 • Thoracic curvature • Sacral curvature Secondary curvature • Cervical curvature-목 가눌 때 • Lumbar curvature-걷기 시작 할 때

Structural features of vertebrae Body Vertebral arch Pedicle Lamina Process Sup/inf articular process-척추 Transverse process-rib Spinous process-근육 Vertebral foramen-spinal cord Intervertebral foramen-spinal nerve

Ribs True ribs 1 st ~7 th ribs Sternum과 관절 False ribs 8 th ~12 th ribs Sternum에 직접 관절 하지 않는다 Floating ribs 11 th ~ 12 th 아무 것에도 관절 하지 않는다

• Synovial joint

Axial skeleton joint Joint of skull Temporomandibular joint 관절원판 articular disc 위- plane joint 아래- hinge joint Joint of vertebral column Joint of thoracic cage

Synovial joint movement Angular movement Flexion Extension Hyperextension Abduction Adduction Circumduction Dorsiflexion Plantarflexion Rotation movement Medal rotation Lateral rotation Special movement Protraction Retraction Elevation Depression Supination Pronation Eversion Inversion Opposition/Reposition

Knee joint -synovial joint Fomoral head(볼록)<->meniscus of tibia(오 목) Cartilage synovial capsule synovial cavity synovial fluid Ligament Patellar ligament Ant. /post. Cruciate lig. Media/lateral collateral lig. (tibial/fibular) Post meniscofemoral lig. Bursa

• • 근육의 종류 Anantomic • Skeletal muscle • Cardiac m. • Visceral m. Histologic • Striated m. • Smooth m. Control mode • Voluntary m. <- somatic nerve • Involuntary m. <- autonomic n.

Muscels of head- muscles of facial expression Frontalis Occipitalis Procerus 미간 주름 Corrugator Orbicularis Levaor labii superioris Depressor labii inferioris Zygomaticus major/minor Risorius 보조개 Depressor anguli oris Mentalis Buccinator Platysma

Muscles of neck -hyoid and larynx muscle Suprahyoid muscles Digastric Mylohyoid Geniohyoid Stylohyoid Infrahyoid muscles Omohyoid Sternothyroid Thyrohyoid Mylo-; mandible Di-; two Gastric; stomach Genio-; chin 빰 Omo-; shoulder

• • • 다음 근육의 정지부와 신경지배를 외우세요 Deltoid m. Latissimus dorsi m. Buccinator Sartorisus

Abdominal muscels-inguinal canal Deep inguinal ring Superficial inguinal ring 통과물 남-spermatic cord 여-round ligament of uerus

Rotator cuff 어깨회전근의 구성근육을 외우세요 Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Subscapularis Teres minor

Intrinsic muscles of hand Palmaris brevis Thenar muscles Abductor pollicis brevis Opponens pollicis Flexor pollicis brevis Intermediate muscles Adductor pollicis Lumbrical Doral interossei Palmar interossei Hypothenar muscles Abductor digiti minimi Flexor digiti minimi brevis Opponens digiti minimi

Muscles of the gluteal region 188페이지 muscles of hip; 출제 내용 Gluteal region의 정의 Gluteal m. 구성 주사 부위

Anterior femoral muscle Quadriceps femoris 구성근육을 외우세요 Rectus femoris Vastus lateralis Vastus intermedius Vastus medialis

Posterior femoral muscle Hamstring muscle 구성근육을 외우세요 Biceps femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus

posterior crural muscle Superficial muscles –>이것 만 외우세요 Gastrocnemius Soleus Plantaris Deep muscles Flexor digitorum longus Flexor hallucis longus Tibialis posterior Popliteus Calcaneal(Achille's) tendon Gastrocnemius; stomach of leg Surae; calf 종아리 Soleus; 가자미

Muscles of forearm -posterior compartment ; Extensor Superficial Brachioradialis->이것 만 외우세요 Extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor digiti minimi Extensor carpi ulnaris Deep Supinator Abductor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis brevis Extensor pollicis longus Extensor indicis

Gross anatomy of heart 350~600 gm Auscultation site Midsternal line, 8~9 cm left, 5 th intercostal space

Conductive system=Purkinje system SA node(sinoatrial node) ->AV node(atrioventricular node) ->bundle of His(atrioventricular bundle)=AV bundle ->right bundle branch, left bundle branch ->Purkinje fiber

Vessels Small artery and arteriole Metarteriole-세동맥 끝부분 Precapillary sphincter-모세혈관 유입 혈류량 조절

Pulmonary circulation Pulmonary artery-이산화탄소 Pulmonary capillary-가스교환 Pulmonary vein-산소

Azygos system 우측- azygos vein 좌측-Hemiazygos v. accessory azygos v. <= intercostal/subcostal v. bronchial v. esophageal v. pericardial v. ascendig lumbar v. Azygos; unpaired 홑 inferior vena cava 폐쇄시 측부 순환에 중요한 역할

Axillary vein Deep/superficial palmar venous arch ->radial/ulnar v. ->Brachial v. ->axillary v. (teres major) ->subclavian v. (1 st rib) Superficial vein Cephalic v. (radial side) ↕ Median cubital v. Basilic v. (ulnar side) =>axillary v.

Descending aorta Abdominal aorta Inferior phrenic a. Lumbar a. Celiac trunk Superior mesenteric a. Adrenal a. Renal a. Gonadal a. Inferior mesenteric a. Median sacral a.

Fetal circulation Umbilical vein->ligamentum teres Ductus venosus->ligamentum venosum Foramen ovale->fossa ovale Ductus arteriorsus->ligamentum arteriosum Umbilical artery->umbilical ligament

Arterial circulation of brain=Willis circle Internal carotid artery Anterior cerebral a. Middle cerebral a. Hypophyseal a. Vertebral artery Basilar a. Posterior cerebral a. Cerebellar a.