Body Organization directional terms regions sections planes and

Body Organization: directional terms, regions, sections, planes, and cavities August 12 -13 2015

Anatomical Position The picture shows a body in anatomical position. The person is upright, with arms down and palms to the front.

Anatomical Position All directional terms reference position with regards to anatomical position … even if the body in question is in a different position. Example: The head is superior (above) to the feet, whether you are standing up, laying down, or doing a handstand.

Directional Terms and use explained on page 12 of textbook! Important terms not shown on the diagram: �Deep – more internal �Superficial – toward / at body surface Terms are used to describe relative position. Example: the ribs are anterior to the spine

Directional Term Practice 1 Using your guided notes, answer the following inferior / distal 1. The knee is ___________ to the hip bones. lateral 2. The ears are _____________ to the nose. posterior / dorsal 3. The elbow is on the _________side of the arm. medial 4. Your naval is ____________ to your arms. lateral 5. Your thumbs are always _______ to your fingers. deep 6. Your heart is _____________ to your ribs. / proximalto your elbows. _ 7. Your shoulders are superior ________

Directional Term Practice 2 �Name a structure that is … �… medial to your eye �… lateral to your heart �…. distal to your wrist �… proximal to your elbow �… on the posterior side of the hand �…on the anterior side of the body �… superficial to the ribs

Regional Terms The body can be divided into two main regions: �Axial part – the main axis of our body �Head, neck, trunk �Appendicular part – the appendages �arms, legs

Regional Terms The body can be divided into two main regions: �Axial part – the main axis of our body �Head, neck, trunk �Appendicular part – the appendages �arms, legs Your femur is on what part of the body? Your sternum is on what part of the body?

Regional Terms The body can be divided into two main regions: �Axial part – the main axis of our body �Head, neck, trunk �Appendicular part – the appendages �arms, legs Your femur is on what part of the body? appendicular Your sternum is on what part of the body? axial

Body Planes and Sections The body may be sectioned (cut) along a flat surface called a plane. The three most common planes are: • Sagittal (Median) plane (cuts body into left & right) • Frontal (coronal) plane (cuts body into front & back) • Transverse plane (cross section) (cuts body into superior & inferior parts)

Body Planes and Sections The body may be sectioned (cut) along a flat surface called a plane. Misconception alert! Planes do not have to be in the middle of the body to go by these names.

Body Planes and Sections Which plane could be used to separate the hemispheres of the brain? sagittal Which plane could be used to separate the top and bottom of the kidney? transverse Which plane could be used to separate t The anterior and posterior parts of the body? frontal

Body Cavities

Body Cavities In which cavity are the following organs are found: Name both the major and minor divisions. �Spinal cord Dorsal, vertebral �Lungs Ventral, thoracic �Brain Dorsal, cranial Ventral, abdominal �Liver �Bladder Ventral, pelvic �Small intestine Ventral, abdominal

Practice! Study the direction, regional, sectional, and cavity terms with a partner for 5 minutes. Then, we will play a game.

Game (Round 1) Get a partner and 8 small pieces of tape, and label 1 -8. Place the tape on your partner’s body to match the words. First one wins!

Game (Round 1) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Lateral to the heart Proximal to the knee Inferior to the neck On the anterior side of the body Distal to the elbow Posterior side of the hand On the axial body On the appendicular body

Game (Round 2) – switch

Game (Round 2) – switch 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Inferior to the heart Distal to the knee On the posterior side of the neck On the appendicular body On the axial body Medial to the lungs Superior to the waist On the anterior side of the arm

Game (Round 3) – Row Teams Write on paper. . 1. 2. 3.

Game (Round 3) – Row Teams Write on paper. Identify the sectional cuts. 1. 2. 3.

Game (Round 3) – Row Teams Write on paper. Identify the sectional cuts. 1. 2. Gamble your points: Choose silver or gold 3.

Game (Round 4) – Row Teams Write on paper.

Game (Round 4) – Row Teams Write on paper. Identify the body cavities. Use minor classification (not ventral / dorsal). 1. Where the spinal cord is 2. Where the lungs are 3. Where the stomach is 4. Where the ovaries are 5. Where the kidneys are 6. Where the brain is

Game (Round 4) – Row Teams Write on paper. Identify the body cavities. Use minor classification (not ventral / dorsal). 1. Where the spinal cord is 2. Where the lungs are 3. Where the stomach is 4. Where the ovaries are 5. Where the kidneys are 6. Where the brain is Gamble your points: Choose white, blue, yellow, or silver

Homework Quiz next class Closure �What were our objectives and how did we meet them? �How did we address our unit statement? �What was our learner profile trait and how did we demonstrate it?