Boardworks Ltd 2003 Teachers Notes A slide contains
© Boardworks Ltd 2003
Teacher’s Notes A slide contains teacher’s notes wherever this icon is displayed To access these notes go to ‘Notes Page View’ (Power. Point 97) or ‘Normal View’ (Power. Point 2000). Notes Page View Normal View Flash Files A flash file has been embedded into the Power. Point slide wherever this icon is displayed – These files are not editable. © Boardworks Ltd 2003
Habitats The place where an organism lives is called its HABITAT. A habitat has all of the things that an organism needs to survive such as the right amount of light, oxygen and water. How would you describe your habitat? © Boardworks Ltd 2003
Look at the organisms below. Write a sentence to describe each of their habitats. © Boardworks Ltd 2003
Habitats © Boardworks Ltd 2003
Adaptations Organisms need to have special features which help them to survive in their habitat. These special features are called ADAPTATIONS. For example: You have plenty of adaptations to survive in your habitat. Your fingers are an excellent adaptation. Without their ability to grip you would not be able to do all of that schoolwork! Can you think of other adaptations that you have? © Boardworks Ltd 2003
Adaptations The organism shown below has adapted to its environment. Some adaptations are obvious while others are not so obvious. Make a list of as many of its adaptations you can think of. © Boardworks Ltd 2003
Adaptations The organism shown below has adapted to its environment. Some adaptations are obvious while others are not so obvious. Make a list of as many of its adaptations you can think of. © Boardworks Ltd 2003
Adaptations The organism shown below has adapted to its environment. Some adaptations are obvious while others are not so obvious. Make a list of as many of its adaptations you can think of. © Boardworks Ltd 2003
Adaptations The organism shown below has adapted to its environment. Some adaptations are obvious while others are not so obvious. Make a list of as many of its adaptations you can think of. © Boardworks Ltd 2003
Both of the animals on this page have very similar habitats. However, their adaptations are quite different © Boardworks Ltd 2003
Adaptations © Boardworks Ltd 2003
Scientists have discovered a strange new species on a small island off the coast of Argentina. One of the scientists has drawn a picture of the organism which is on the next slide. The scientists want you to help them describe where this animal lives (land, water or air), what it eats, how it breathes, how it moves and last but not least what they should call it. As the organism is adapted to its environment you should be able to use the way it looks to answer all of these questions. Don’t forget to give your organism a name! © Boardworks Ltd 2003
© Boardworks Ltd 2003
Daily adaptations Many things in the environment change on a daily basis. For example, throughout each day the temperature and the amount of light changes. Organisms must adapt to these changes as well. They do this in many different ways. For example, many flowers open their petals during the day to catch the sun and close them at night for protection from early morning frost. © Boardworks Ltd 2003
Daily adaptations Many things in the environment change on a daily basis. For example, the temperature and the amount of light. Organisms must adapt to these changes as well. They do this in many different ways. For example, many flowers open their petals during the day to catch the sun and close them at night for protection from early morning frost. © Boardworks Ltd 2003
Yearly Adaptations The environment also changes on a yearly basis with the seasons. This may bring about changes in light and temperature but also in the availability of food and water. Organisms must also find some way to adapt to these yearly changes. Organisms have come up with many different ways to achieve this. For example, many animals hibernate over winter to deal with food shortages. © Boardworks Ltd 2003
Daily or Yearly? © Boardworks Ltd 2003
Feeding Types We can group animals together in many ways. One way that we can group them together is in the way that they feed. Organisms may be producers. Producers make their own food. Plants do this by using the sun. Some types of bacteria can also make their own food by using light or chemical reactions. Consumers cannot make their own food. They must consume other organisms. © Boardworks Ltd 2003
Producer or consumer? On the next slide is the names of eight different organisms. Drag their name into the correct table depending on whether you think that they are a producer or a consumer. © Boardworks Ltd 2003
Producer or consumer? © Boardworks Ltd 2003
Consumers can be grouped into different types: Herbivores These consumers eat producers or plants and bacteria. Carnivores These consumers eat other consumers or we might say they eat animals. Omnivores These consumers eat both other consumers and producers. So we might say they eat animals and plants. A bit like us! © Boardworks Ltd 2003
© Boardworks Ltd 2003
Food Chains Food chains show us what is eaten by what. Look at the food chain below: grass rabbit hawk The shows the direction of energy flow in the chain. We can imagine that the arrow means ‘eaten by’, so energy is transferred in the direction of the arrow. So this food chain says: Grass is eaten by the rabbit, which is eaten by a hawk. Note that food chains always start with a producer. If this is a plant it can be any parts of the plant , such as the seeds, fruits, leaves or even dead leaves. © Boardworks Ltd 2003
Drag the organisms into the boxes at the bottom to make 3 food chains. Your food chains must include at least 3 organisms but can include 4. © Boardworks Ltd 2003
Food Chains Draw four different food chains using the following as guidelines: a) One of your food chains must occur in the forest b) One of you food chains must occur in the ocean c) One of your food chains must have four organisms in it d) One of your food chains must end with you! © Boardworks Ltd 2003
Food Chains Read the following story about who eats whom in the Antarctic. After you have read the story draw a food chain that shows the feeding relationships in this habitat. Don’t forget that your food chain must start with a producer! Killer whales or orca’s range around Antarctica hunting for their food. One of the species that they eat are the Weddell Seal. Weddell seals are large mammals that stay in Antarctica all year round. One of the many things that they eat are squid. Squid are very fast hunters who often poison their prey. They feed on many different organisms including shrimp. Shrimp are small animals that live on the ocean floor. There are over 2, 000 different species of shrimp all over the world. They are omnivores but phytoplankton makes up a large part of their diet. © Boardworks Ltd 2003
© Boardworks Ltd 2003
Ranking Consumers We can use a food chain to group organisms in another way: seaweed limpet crayfish human Producer These organisms make their own food. Secondary consumer This is an organism that eats primary consumers. Primary consumer This is an organism that eats producers. Tertiary consumer This is an organism that eats secondary consumers. They are sometimes called the Top carnivore. © Boardworks Ltd 2003
Ranking Consumers © Boardworks Ltd 2003
Foodwebs Most animals would get pretty fed up if they only ate one thing. Instead, they usually eat many different things. So rather than have lots of different food chains for the same organisms we can put them together to make a food web. For example: The food web on the next slide has put together all of the food chains below: plants aphid ladybird blue tit owl plants moth larva spider chiffchaff owl plants vole stoat plants vole owl © Boardworks Ltd 2003
Watch how the food chains are put together to make a food web. chiffchaff blue tit owl spider ladybird stoat vole moth larva aphid plants © Boardworks Ltd 2003
Use the food web to answer the following questions. 1. Name the producer in this foodweb. owl stoat 2. Name two herbivores in this foodweb. blue tit chiffchaff spider ladybird moth larva aphid plants vole 3. Name a species that is both a primary consumer and a secondary consumer. 4. Name two species that are eaten by owls. 5. Write one food chain that includes a blue tit. © Boardworks Ltd 2003
© Boardworks Ltd 2003
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