BLUE LIGHT SEPARATING SCIENCE FROM SPECULATION Alan Burt

BLUE LIGHT: SEPARATING SCIENCE FROM SPECULATION Alan Burt, COPE, ABO Proprietary and Confidential | 1

THE EVOLUTION OF ILLUMINATION In the last decade, we have undergone the biggest change in the way we light and see our world in the history of mankind. Proprietary and Confidential | 2

TRADITIONAL VS. MODERN LIGHT SOURCES Both the quantity and intensity of blue light exposure have grown 1/2 1/4 Proprietary and Confidential | 3

THE SCIENTIFIC FACTS Blue light exposure from digital devices: Clinically Proven Causation Product Efficacy Proprietary and Confidential | 4

THE SCIENTIFIC FACTS Sleep Disruption & Blue Light Exposure to blue light at night is clinically proven to disrupt sleep. There are no lens products on the market that are clinically proven to improve sleep. * Proprietary and Confidential | 5

THE SCIENTIFIC FACTS AMD & Blue Light There are no current studies that link digital device screen usage to AMD There are no lens products on the market that are clinically proven to reduce risk of developing AMD Proprietary and Confidential | 6

THE SCIENTIFIC FACTS Digital Eye Strain The most scientifically valid and clinically appropriate positioning for blue light attenuating lens products is to help alleviate the symptoms of digital eye strain. Proprietary and Confidential | 7

THE SCIENTIFIC FACTS Blue light exposure from digital devices: Clinically Proven Causation Product Efficacy Proprietary and Confidential | 8

DIGITAL EYE STRAIN Visible Light Blue light is defocused in front of the retina Green light in focus on macula -1. 00 Plano Red light is defocused behind the retina +. 50 Chromatic aberration Proprietary and Confidential | 9

BLUE LIGHT IS NOT WELL PROCESSED MACULAR CONE PHOTORECEPTO RS • RED 65% • GREEN 33% • BLUE 2% FOVEA IS DEVOID OF BLUE CONE PHOTORECEPTORS Proprietary and Confidential | 10

BLUE LIGHT IS NOT WELL PROCESSED Blue Cones: • Peak light sensitivity 445 nm • More light sensitive than red or green cones, but not enough to overcome their disadvantage in number • The visual perception of intensely blue objects is less distinct than the perception of red and green objects • Blue sensitivity of our final visual perception is comparable to that of red and green, suggesting a "blue Proprietary and Confidential | 11 amplifier" somewhere in the visual processing system http: //hyperphysics. phy-astr. gsu. edu/hbase/vision/rodcone. html#c 3 b Georgia State University

BLUE LIGHT AND DIGITAL EYE STRAIN Glare Digital Eye Strain Proprietary and Confidential | 12

BLUE LIGHT REDUCING LENS PRODUCTS Proprietary and Confidential | 13

UNDERSTANDING SPECTRAL TRANSMITTANCE To understand how a lens attenuates light, we must examine spectral characteristics. 50% ATTENUATION CAN BE ACHIEVED THROUGH REFLECTANCE 20% AND/OR ABSORPTION 40% 60% 50% TRANSMITTANCE 80% % ATTENUATION % TRANSMITTANCE 0% 100% WAVELENGTH Proprietary and Confidential | 14

UNDERSTANDING SPECTRAL TRANSMITTANCE A high-quality AR coating will allow 98%+ transmittance of light. CONVENTIONAL AR COATING 20% 40% 60% Conventional AR coatings have no effect on blue light 80% % ATTENUATION % TRANSMITTANCE 0% 100% WAVELENGTH Proprietary and Confidential | 15

MULTIFUNCTIONAL COATINGS Multi-layer thin film coatings with rare earth compounds and minerals both reflect and absorb Blue Light • Significant effect on shortest blue light range • Cosmetic appearance of lens moderated due to combination of absorptive and reflective characteristics Selectively attenuates blue light on a spectral curve that induces lowest blue light transmission in range associated with visual strain and fatigue. Proprietary and Confidential | 16

TECHSHIELD™ BLUE Tech. Shield Blue reduces the blue light associated with digital eye strain while allowing natural transmittance of light across the rest of the visible light spectrum. CONVENTIONAL AR COATING 20% TECHSHIELD BLUE 40% 60% 80% % ATTENUATION % TRANSMITTANCE 0% 100% WAVELENGTH Proprietary and Confidential | 17

TECHSHIELD BLUE • • • D category AR coating Absorbs and reflects blue light Blocks UV Minimal backside reflectance UVR standard Super oleophobic Hydrophobic Resists scratching Available on all materials and all designs* Proprietary and Confidential | 18

INVERSE SQUARE LAW How does harmful light from the sun compare to device usage? Proprietary and Confidential | 19

SUNLIGHT & BLUE LIGHT EXPOSURE Proprietary and Confidential | 20

INVERSE SQUARE LAW 16 INCHES 8 INCHES 4 X 1 INTENSITY = DISTANCE 2 At 16” a smartphone is 15% as bright as sunlight. At 8” a smartphone is 50% as bright as sunlight. Proprietary and Confidential | 21

INVERSE SQUARE LAW 16 INCHES 64 X 2 INCHES 1 INTENSITY = DISTANC E 2 With an AR/VR headset, a smartphone at 2” is 90% as bright as sunlight. Proprietary and Confidential | 22

INVERSE SQUARE LAW How does harmful light from the sun compare to device usage? EMITS UV & BLUE LIGHT EMITS BLUE LIGHT Proprietary and Confidential | 23

PHOTOCHROMIC LENS FUNCTION Sun. Sync® Light-Reactive Lenses reduce blue light by absorption. Photochromic nanoparticles retain absorptive properties in clear state. These absorptive properties mean sunsync lenses reduce blue light transmittance in their clear state, where no UV from sunlight is present. Proprietary and Confidential | 24

SUNSYNC LIGHT-REACTIVE LENSES Proprietary and Confidential | 25

WHEN TO CHOOSE WHAT Indoor and outdoor exposure to blue light Mostly Indoor use or high amounts of screen-time Proprietary and Confidential | 26

INVERSE SQUARE LAW “I regard [augmented reality] as a big idea like the smartphone. The smartphone is for everyone, we don't have to think the i. Phone is about a certain demographic, or country or vertical market: it’s for everyone. I think AR is that big, it’s huge. ” - Tim Cook, CEO Apple Proprietary and Confidential | 27

SCHEDULE AN IN-OFFICE TRAINING WITH A VSP OPTICS GROUP REPRESENTATIVE Proprietary and Confidential | 28

THANK YOU © 2017 Vision Service Plan. All rights reserved. VSP and otto are registered trademarks of Vision Service Plan. Unity and Sun. Sync are registered trademarks, and Tech. Shield is a trademark of Plexus Optix, Inc. VSPOne is a registered trademark of VSP Labs, Inc. All other brands or marks are the property of their respective owners. Proprietary and Confidential | 29