Blood Typing by Amanda Mc Kenzie EDCI 270

Blood Typing by: Amanda Mc. Kenzie EDCI 270

Target Audience 11 th -12 th grade students Anatomy & Physiology class suburban/uppermiddle class community

Learning Environment This educational program is designed for Anatomy & Physiology high school students to work on their own at a computer. It is intended for additional instruction after a class lecture on the topic and a review before the test.

Objective Once this Power. Point activity about blood typing is complete, the students will be able to differentiate between the ABO blood types when given a specific genotype. They will also be able to appropriately determine the outcome of a blood type genetic cross when given the parental genotypes. They will demonstrate this by answering the Quiz Time questions with 100% accuracy.

Blood Typing Chapter 12 Review

How to Navigate Throughout this program you will find 3 main buttons at the bottom of each page that will help you navigate. will take you back to the previous page will advance you to the next page will return you to the main menu *Note: These buttons will not appear within the quizzes.

Main Menu Blood Type Blood Transfusions Immune System Response Chart Quiz Time 1 The Genetics of it All Quiz Time 2 Determining Blood Type Video References

Blood Type a classification of blood based on antigens found on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs) There are 2 major blood type systems: ABO and Rhesus

Type A Blood The A antigen can be inherited from mom and/or dad. It appears alone on the surface of type A RBCs.

Type B Blood The B antigen can be inherited from mom and/or dad. It appears alone on the surface of type B RBCs.

Type AB Blood The A and B antigens can be inherited from mom and/or dad. They both appear on the surface of type AB RBCs.

Type O Blood No antigens are inherited from mom or dad. Therefore, no antigens appear on the surface of type O RBCs.

Let’s Check! What are the four different blood types? a. A, B, BO, AO b. A, B, AB, O c. AB, O, AA, BB

So Close! Try again.

Way to go! That’s right!

Blood Transfusions Blood transfusions make it necessary to understand the different antigens found on red blood cells. A blood transfusion is the process of transferring blood from one person into another person’s circulatory system.

Let’s Check! Why is it important to understand what antigens are found on the RBC? a. To know what the RBCs look like. b. To know if all of your RBCs are the same. c. To know if a donor and recipient’s RBCs are compatible

So Close! Try again.

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Blood Transfusions (cont. ) For a blood transfusion to work, the donated blood must match that of the recipient’s. If the blood is not matched properly, then the immune system of the recipient will attack the donated blood.

Immune System Response After birth the immune system makes antibodies that act against the antigens not found on the RBCs. Antibodies are present on the white blood cells (WBCs).

Watch this video explaining the basics of the blood transfusion process.

Let’s Check! Can the blood transfusion donor and the recipient have different blood types? a. No b. Yes c. Yes, but it’s better if they’re the same.

So Close! Try again.

Way to go! That’s right!

Let’s Check! During a blood transfusion the donor and recipient are directly connected to one another. a. Yes b. No c. They can be, but it’s better if they aren’t

So Close! Try again.

Way to go! That’s right!

A Helpful Chart (hint) Blood Type RBC Antigen Antibodies in Blood Receive Blood From Donated Blood To A A anti-B O, A A, AB B B anti-A O, B B, AB AB A, B none O, A, B, AB AB O none anti-A, anti-B O O, A, B, AB

Quiz Time 1

1. Which blood type would you have if antibodies A and B were made during your first year of life? a. type AB b. type A c. type B d. type O

So Close! Try again. Hint: They’re both provided.

Way to go! That’s right!

2. Which blood type is the universal donor? a. type AB b. type A c. type B d. type O

So Close! Try again. Hint: Refer to the chart.

Way to go! That’s right!

3. Which blood type is the universal recipient? a. type AB b. type A c. type B d. type O

So Close! Try again. Hint: Refer to the chart.

Way to go! That’s right!

4. Which ABO blood type has two different antigens on the surface of RBCs? a. type AB b. type A c. type B d. type O

So Close! Try again. Hint: It has two antigens.

Way to go! That’s right!

5. Which ABO blood type has the A antigens on the surface of RBCs? a. type AB b. type A c. type B d. type O

So Close! Try again. Hint: They only have one antigen.

Way to go! That’s right!

6. Which ABO blood type has only the A antibodies on the white blood cells? a. type AB b. type A c. type B d. type O

So Close! Try again. Hint: They only have one type of antibody.

Way to go! That’s right!

7. If the blood plasma has antibody A, what type of blood would the immune system attack? a. type A b. type B c. type O and type A d. type O and type B

So Close! Try again. Hint: It is antibody A.

Way to go! That’s right!

8. How are antibodies related to the type of blood a person can receive? a. They attack all blood types except those receivable by a person. b. They attack the RBCs of the recipient so they can receive blood from a donor. c. They have nothing to do with receiving blood.

So Close! Try again. Hint: This is talking about antibodies.

Way to go! That’s right!

The Genetics of it All A single gene controls the ABO blood type system with 3 alleles. o 2 alleles are dominant (IA and IB) o 1 allele is recessive (i) Since there are two dominant alleles, IAIB genotype expresses codominance.

The Genetics of it All The gene encodes an enzyme, glycosyltransferase, that modifies carbohydrates that make up RBC antigens.

On a separate sheet of paper, complete the Punnett square. Then proceed to the following Quiz Time questions.

Quiz Time 2

1. What genotypes would create the phenotype, blood type A? a. IAIA and IAIB b. IAIB and IAi c. IAIA and IAi d. IAIA and ii

So Close! Try again. Hint: Refer to your Punnett square.

Way to go! That’s right!

2. What genotypes would create the phenotype, blood type B? a. IBIB and IBi b. IBIB and ii c. IBIB and IBIA d. IBIA and IBi

So Close! Try again. Hint: Refer to your Punnett square.

Way to go! That’s right!

3. What genotypes would create the phenotype, blood type AB? a. IAIB and IAi b. IAIB and IBi c. IAIB and ii d. IAIB only

So Close! Try again. Hint: Refer to your Punnett square.

Way to go! That’s right!

4. What genotypes would create the phenotype, blood type O? a. IAi and ii b. IBi and ii c. ii only d. IAIB and ii

So Close! Try again. Hint: Refer to your Punnett square.

Way to go! That’s right!

*Bonus* Besides the ABO blood system, what is the other main blood type system of the human body? (See Miss Mc. Kenzie with your answer for a chance of earning 2 bonus points!)

“The Genotype Diet: Determining Blood Type” Watch this You. Tube video on how to determine your blood type. Pay close attention to the directions because we will be performing this lab in class tomorrow.

References www. lessonplansinc. com/science. php/biology/lessonplans/C 100 www. youtube. com/watch? v=yq. Ga. X 6 W 6 Cy 8 http: //www. mayoclinic. org/blood-transfusion/performingtransfusions. html http: //images. search. yahoo. com/images/view; _ylt=A 0 PDo. THQJMRO. yo. A x. BWJzbk. F http: //images. search. yahoo. com/images/view; _ylt=A 0 PDo. TG 8 JMROsi. QA QJa. Jzbk. F; _ylu=