Blood Types Cappiello 2014 Blood Groups and Transfusions

Blood Types Cappiello 2014

Blood Groups and Transfusions

Antigen vs. Antibodies � Antigens- red blood cell surface molecules which react with antibodies � Antibodies- carried in blood plasma

Transfusion � Occur for many reasons. . � Possible side effects ◦ Aggutination: clumping of red blood cells following a transfusion ◦ Cyanosis ◦ Difficulty breathing

Determining Blood Type Antigen Antibody A A Anti-B B B Anti-A AB A and B Neither Anti A/B O Neither A or B Both Anti A/B For example, a person with only antigen A has type A blood. A person with only Antigen B has type B Blood. A person that has AB blood has both antigens A and B and a person with neither antigen A or B has O type blood.

Blood Donations Blood Type of Recipient Preferred Blood Type of Donor Permissible Blood Type of Donor (in emergencies) A A O B B O AB AB A, B, O O O No alternatives Who is a universal donor? Why? Who is a universal recipient? Why?

Rh Blood Group � Named after the Rhesus Monkey � Considered “Antigen D” ◦ If the Rh Antigen is present on the blood cell membranes the blood is said to be Rh-positive ◦ If the Rh Antigen is absent the blood is called Rhnegative � Only 15% of the US population is Rh negative � Can be given different Rh factor

Blood Type Commonalities