Blood transfusions If blood types are not properly

Blood transfusions • If blood types are not properly matched clumping (agglutination) of the red blood cells can occur. • Red blood cells have agglutinins on their surface (a type of antigen). • You blood plasma has antibodies which can react against the agglutinins on your red blood cells

Clotting • When platelets in blood are exposed to air chemical reaction occurs. • A soluble protein in your plasma changes to an insoluble fibrin – a scab. • Vitamin K is important to clotting- made by bacteria in the gut or ingested by eating green veg and cranberries.

Abnormal clotting • Haemophilia – slow clotting. • High cholesterol and smoking and drinking alcohol increase your chances of clotting • Warfarin, aspirin and heparin reduce the bloods ability to clot.

Blood Groups

Rhesus positive and negative • Rhesus positive if your plasma has a D – protein. • Blood that is Rh-negative can be transfused into a person who is Rh-positive, but an Rhnegative individual can create antibodies for Rh-positive.

Universal Recipient • AB+ blood type is referred to as the "universal recipient", • Anti-B or Anti-A antibodies in its plasma, and can receive both Rh-positive and Rh-negative blood

Universal Donor • O- blood type is called the ‘’universal donor’’ • It’s red blood cells have no A or B antigens and are Rh-negative, no other blood type will reject it.

Long Leave Prep • Draw a timeline for the discovery and development of blood transfusions. • I will take posters in beginning of next term. A 4 or A 3. • Go over everything we have done so far – answer the questions in the book if haven’t already!