Blood Supply Of Long Bones The supply of

Blood Supply Of Long Bones

The supply of blood to long bones is profuse and derived from a number of sources. Ø Nutrient artery Ø Periosteal arteries Ø Epiphyseal arteries Ø Metaphyseal arteries Ø

�Nutrient artery: �This artery enters the shaft through the nutrient foramen. � In the medullary cavity this artery divides into ascending and descending branches. � At the place of metaphyses in case of adult bones these branches anastomose with epiphyseal, metaphyseal and periosteal arteries. � The nutrient artery in this way nourishes the whole medullary cavity and inner 2/3 of the cortex as well as metaphyses.

Blood supply of a long bone Copyright 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

�Periosteal arteries: �Periosteal arteries are the arteries of periosteum. � Especially numerous beneath the muscular and ligamentous attachment. �Beneath the periosteum they divide into branches and supply the outer one third (1/3) portion of the cortex.

�Epiphyseal arteries: �These are the arteries of epiphyses and are derived from the peri-articular vascular arcades.

�Metaphyseal arteries: �These arteries are derived from the neighboring systemic vessels. These arteries directly go into the metaphyses and reinforce the metaphyseal branches of the primary nutrient artery.

Draining blood from bone �Nutrient veins – drain blood from the periosteum & outer layers of compact bone �Metaphyseal/epiphyseal veins – drain blood from the proximal and distal regions of the medullary cavity �Periosteal veins – drain blood from the periosteum of long bones.

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