Blood ANA 152 Histology Blood Plasma and cellular
Blood ANA 152 Histology
Blood Plasma and cellular content Histological appearance of these blood cells Normal percentage blood cells in plasma Basic function of blood cells Website: http: //histoweb. up. ac. za
What is blood? A fluid connective tissue which contains cells and an extracellular component (plasma) Plasma: water, protein and dissolved substances Cells: plasma = 1: 2 (45% to 55%)
Blood in the body 6 liters 7 – 8% of total body weight Transportation to: oxygen Transportation from: carbon dioxide Transports cells of the immune system Maintains homeostasis
Blood cells Erythrocytes Red blood cells Leukocytes Granular white blood cells Agranular white blood cells Platelets
Erythrocytes 35 – 50% of blood 6. 5 to 8 nm, avg. 7. 5 nm. 2. 6 nm at the rim and. 8 nm in the middle. Biconcave discs shaped, no nuclei or cytoplasmic organelles Hemoglobin Lifespan – 120 days
Leukocytes Less than 1% of blood Granular white blood cells Neutrophils Eosinophils Basophils Agranular white blood cells Lymphocytes Monocytes
Neutrophils 60 – 70 % of circulating leukocytes 6 – 7 hrs in blood, 1 – 4 days in connective tissue Defense against invading microrganisms, ie. bacteria
Inflammatory reactions Neutrophils = migrate to the site of injury Active phagocytes at site of inflammation Pus Monocytes = migrate to the site of injury (macrophages)
Neutrophils - morphology 2 - 4 lobed nucleus connected by chromatin and cytoplasmic granules 12 – 15 nm Small specific granules Barr body – females Drumstick appendage on one of the lobes
Eosinophils 2 – 4 % of circulating leukocytes Immunologic responses Increase in blood = parasitic infections and allergic reactions
Morphology Bi-lobed nucleus 12 – 15 nm Large granules, stained eosin, ~ 200 per cell
Basophils Less than 1 % of the circulating leukocytes Nucleus is divided into irregular lobes 12 – 15 nm Inflammatory and allergic reactions
Agranular WBC Lymphocytes B and T lymphocytes Monocytes
Lymphocytes 20 – 40% of all WBC Smallest WBC = 6 – 8 nm Large, spherical nucleus with little cytoplasm T and B lymphocytes Life span from a few days to many years
Monocytes Monocyte-Macrophage Inflammatory response Lifespan = 12 – 100 hours
Morphology Largest WBC = 18 nm Nucleus is oval, horse-shoe, or kidney shaped and slightly indented
Platelets 200, 000 – 400, 000 per 1 microlitre of blood 2 – 4 nm Not true cells 10 days - lifespan Blood clotting
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