Blood ANA 152 Histology Blood Plasma and cellular

Blood ANA 152 Histology

Blood Plasma and cellular content Histological appearance of these blood cells Normal percentage blood cells in plasma Basic function of blood cells Website: http: //histoweb. up. ac. za

What is blood? A fluid connective tissue which contains cells and an extracellular component (plasma) Plasma: water, protein and dissolved substances Cells: plasma = 1: 2 (45% to 55%)

Blood in the body 6 liters 7 – 8% of total body weight Transportation to: oxygen Transportation from: carbon dioxide Transports cells of the immune system Maintains homeostasis

Blood cells Erythrocytes Red blood cells Leukocytes Granular white blood cells Agranular white blood cells Platelets

Erythrocytes 35 – 50% of blood 6. 5 to 8 nm, avg. 7. 5 nm. 2. 6 nm at the rim and. 8 nm in the middle. Biconcave discs shaped, no nuclei or cytoplasmic organelles Hemoglobin Lifespan – 120 days

Leukocytes Less than 1% of blood Granular white blood cells Neutrophils Eosinophils Basophils Agranular white blood cells Lymphocytes Monocytes

Neutrophils 60 – 70 % of circulating leukocytes 6 – 7 hrs in blood, 1 – 4 days in connective tissue Defense against invading microrganisms, ie. bacteria

Inflammatory reactions Neutrophils = migrate to the site of injury Active phagocytes at site of inflammation Pus Monocytes = migrate to the site of injury (macrophages)

Neutrophils - morphology 2 - 4 lobed nucleus connected by chromatin and cytoplasmic granules 12 – 15 nm Small specific granules Barr body – females Drumstick appendage on one of the lobes

Eosinophils 2 – 4 % of circulating leukocytes Immunologic responses Increase in blood = parasitic infections and allergic reactions

Morphology Bi-lobed nucleus 12 – 15 nm Large granules, stained eosin, ~ 200 per cell

Basophils Less than 1 % of the circulating leukocytes Nucleus is divided into irregular lobes 12 – 15 nm Inflammatory and allergic reactions

Agranular WBC Lymphocytes B and T lymphocytes Monocytes

Lymphocytes 20 – 40% of all WBC Smallest WBC = 6 – 8 nm Large, spherical nucleus with little cytoplasm T and B lymphocytes Life span from a few days to many years

Monocytes Monocyte-Macrophage Inflammatory response Lifespan = 12 – 100 hours

Morphology Largest WBC = 18 nm Nucleus is oval, horse-shoe, or kidney shaped and slightly indented

Platelets 200, 000 – 400, 000 per 1 microlitre of blood 2 – 4 nm Not true cells 10 days - lifespan Blood clotting