Bitte decken Sie die schraffierte Flche mit einem
Bitte decken Sie die schraffierte Fläche mit einem Bild ab. Please cover the shaded area with a picture. (24, 4 x 7, 6 cm) Automated Driving: Challenges in the Light of Human Actions Danilo da Costa Ribeiro, Pierre Blüher, Systems & Technology, Continental Chassis & Safety Division Chassis & Safety
Complexity Increase A Glimpse in History ICSC 2018 Public 2 November 2018 D. da Costa Ribeiro, P. Blüher © Continental AG 2
Growing Challenges A Glimpse in History System Complexity Driver Awareness Assumption in a conventional car: There is always a licensed driver to cope with some unexpected scenario New Hazards ICSC 2018 Public 2 November 2018 D. da Costa Ribeiro, P. Blüher © Continental AG 3
Human Interface Highly Automated Vehicles 2 Main Goals Understand the new role ICSC 2018 Public New Interfaces Assessment 2 November 2018 D. da Costa Ribeiro, P. Blüher © Continental AG 4
Future Mobility Role of the Driver vs. Role of the System Privately owned Highly Automated Car incl. Assisted Functions Public shared Driverless Car Technical check before/while driving (low tire pressure, visual damages, tread depth, …) → → Secure control of technical operation (accelerating / braking / steering) Manual Driving → → (within use cases) Automated Driving → (within use cases) Evaluate weather/road condition (dry, wet, snow, ice, wind) Manual Driving → → Automated Driving → (within use cases) ICSC 2018 Public 2 November 2018 D. da Costa Ribeiro, P. Blüher © Continental AG 5
Automated Driving Objectives and Challenges 3 Objectives More Comfort More Efficiency Social Acceptance of Residual Risks “Flawless” Perception 5 Challenges More Safety “Flawless” Decision Making ICSC 2018 Public Verify & Validate Safe & Secure Operation & Degradation Safe Driver Interaction 2 November 2018 D. da Costa Ribeiro, P. Blüher © Continental AG 6
Objectives ! No Matter if Partially / Highly / Fully Automated Driving Challenges Automated Driving Safety Objectives Silent Testing More Safety More Comfort “Flawless” Perception More Efficiency Social Acceptance of Residual Risks “Flawless” Decision Making Verify & Validate Safe & Secure Operation & Degradation Safe Driver Interaction ≥ 210 million Degradation tests kilometers* Simulation 1 st BASIC SAFETY OBJECTIVE No life-threatening hazards in ABSENCE of failure 2 nd BASIC SAFETY OBJECTIVE No life-threatening hazards in PRESENCE of single failure * Wachenfeld, W. , Winner, H. , Auswirkungen des autonomen Fahrens auf das Fahrzeugkonzept, Autonomes Fahren, Springer Verlag 2015 ICSC 2018 Public 2 November 2018 D. da Costa Ribeiro, P. Blüher © Continental AG 7
Understand the New Role Human Factors? What are the new roles to be performed by the vehicle? To increase safety we need to understand the positive and improving points of the human driver ICSC 2018 Public 2 November 2018 D. da Costa Ribeiro, P. Blüher © Continental AG 8
Understand the New Role: Be Attentive Space for Sender Information Internal
Understand the New Role: Drive Responsibly ICSC 2018 Public
Understand the New Role: Behave Defensively ICSC 2018 Public
Human-Machine Interface: Assisting ICSC 2018 Public
Human-Machine Interface: Adaptive & Intuitive ICSC 2018 Public
Human-Machine Interface: Focused ICSC 2018 Public
Human Factors Issues Power Window Switches 1. 5 deaths per year (1999 -2002)* 5 deaths in 1998* *Source: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration ICSC 2018 Public 2 November 2018 D. da Costa Ribeiro, P. Blüher © Continental AG 15
Human Factors Issues Seat Belts Fact: Many people do not use the seat belt. Effect: People are not protected by passive safety systems. Optical and acoustical warning Cause: ► Convenience ► Comfort Can we treat the Cause, instead of the effects? ► Robust Product ICSC 2018 Public 2 November 2018 D. da Costa Ribeiro, P. Blüher © Continental AG 16
Automated Driving Example Occupant Protection in a Passenger Vehicle Occupant Protection Systems ? New flexibility requires adapted passive safety solutions ICSC 2018 Public 2 November 2018 D. da Costa Ribeiro, P. Blüher © Continental AG 17
Automated Driving Example Occupant Protection in a Driverless People Mover Occupant Monitoring Sitting? Standing? Younger? Older? Disabled? Restraint Systems Seatbelt Airbag New flexibility requires adapted passive safety solutions ICSC 2018 Public 2 November 2018 D. da Costa Ribeiro, P. Blüher © Continental AG 18
System-Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) Unsafe Control Actions Causal Factors ICSC 2018 Public Safety Constraints Safety Requirements 2 November 2018 D. da Costa Ribeiro, P. Blüher © Continental AG 19
Analysis Conclusion Highly Automated Vehicles System-Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) › Top-down › Early Phase › Suitable for complex systems › Less dependent of a very experienced analyst Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) › Bottom-up › Later Phase › Not very suitable for complex systems › Dependent of one very experienced analyst In a brand new scenario, there is no one experienced. ICSC 2018 Public 2 November 2018 D. da Costa Ribeiro, P. Blüher © Continental AG 20
Contact System Safety Engineer Danilo da Costa Ribeiro C S&T Systems Engineering Phone: +49 (69) 7603 -1274 Email: Danilo. da. Costa. Ribeiro@continental-corporation. com Senior Expert Safety Engineering for Automated Driving Pierre Blüher C S&T Systems Engineering Phone: +49 (69) 7603 -1987 Email: Pierre. Blueher@continental-corporation. com ICSC 2018 Public 2 November 2018 D. da Costa Ribeiro, P. Blüher © Continental AG 21
Thank you for your attention! Space for Sender Information Internal 2 November 2018 D. da Costa Ribeiro, P. Blüher © Continental AG 22
Sense. Plan. Act Space for Sender Information Internal 2 November 2018 D. da Costa Rubeiro, P. Blüher © Continental AG 23
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