Birth Control and Sexually Transmitted Infections Interior Health

Birth Control and Sexually Transmitted Infections Interior Health 2017, updated 2019

Why? ? ? �Part of the curriculum �Important information to help you make informed decisions about your health �The ability to talk openly about sex is an important part of having a healthy relationship �BC Adolescent Health Survey Results

Am I Ready For Sex? Everyone has feelings about relationships, dating, intimacy and sex. Only you can decide what is right for you, . . .

Quick Anatomy Reminder

Objectives ü Learn about Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) ü Find out which STIs are bacterial versus viral infections ü Understand the risky behaviours that can lead to STIs ü Learn how to prevent STIs ü Learn the signs and symptoms of STIs

Lesson One: Sexually Transmitted Infections Hepatitis B Herpe s Trichomoniasis Chlamydia Pelvic Inflammatory Disease T cells Human Papilloma Virus

Sexual Transmitted Infections (STIs) – what are they? Ø a sickness that is passed from person to person during sexual activity, but the person that is passing it on may not know they are sick (many STIs do not have symptoms)

Bacterial STIs: can be treated with antibiotics ØChlamyd ia (LGV) ØGonorrh ea ØSyphilis

Viral STIs: Can be treated with medication, but NOT cured Ø Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Ø Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Ø Hepatitis B Ø Human Immunodeficien cy Virus (HIV)

Other STIs: Parasites and Fungus ØTrichomonia sis ØPubic Lice ØScabies ØYeast

Myth: If I use a condom, I can’t get HPV or any other STI. (human papilloma virus)

Is There A Cure? Ø Some STIs are treatable with antibiotics Ø STIs caused by viruses cannot be cured and may stay in your body forever Ø STIs are highly PREVENTABLE and it is your responsibility to PROTECT YOURSELF

How Can I Protect Myself? • Use condoms and dental dams every time you have any kind of sex • Limit the number of partners that you have • Don’t have sex when you are drunk or high • Get vaccinated • Get tested regularly

Dental Dams �Hard to find 1. Start with an unlubricated or flavoured condom. �Easy to make 2. Remove the condom from the package and unroll it all the way. your own using condoms 3. Cut off the tip of the condom and the bottom band using a pair of sharp scissors. 4. Cut down one side of the cylindrical latex tube that remains. You now have a latex dam

Risky Behaviours… � Unprotected sex � Multiple sex partners or a partner who has had multiple partners � Blood or body fluid exchange � Drinking alcohol � Drug use � Sharing sex toys � Cold sores � Anal sex � IV needle use and sharing of pipes � Sexting � Internet dating/Apps to meet up

Myth: You cannot get an STI from giving or receiving oral sex.

What Do STIs Look Like? �Abnormal Discharge �Blisters �Lower Abdominal Pain �Burning with Urination �Pain with Sex �Bleeding with Sex �Warts �Epididymitis �Painless Sores �Miscarriage �Itchy skin �Rash �Foul Smell �Yellow Skin Tone �Flu-like Symptoms �Blindness �Bumps, Lumps, Growths �Swollen Glands �Sore Throat �NO SYMPTOMS

When Should I Get Tested? � Anytime you think that you’ve had a “risk” � If you have multiple partners and are having unprotected sex � If your partner has multiple sex partners � If you are using drugs or alcohol and having sex � If you are entering into a new sexual relationship � If you feel that you are at risk for an STI � Yearly

Where Do I Go For Testing? � Family Physician � Walk In Clinic � Health Outreach Nurse � Options for Sexual Health Clinics or Youth Clinics � Get Checked Online in Nelson, Kimberley, Kamloops, Vancouver and Vancouver Island

What Does Testing Involve? �Health History �Urine Testing �Speculum Exam �Swabs/Smears �Blood Testing �Results �Contact Tracing �Treatment

References � www. sexandu. ca and the Sex and HPV Its Time to Talk booklet from the SOGC (has great information on STIs and contraceptives) � www. optionsforsexualhealth. org has fact sheets and information and operates the sex sense line 1 800 sex sense 1 800 739 -7367 � Balance and Connection in BC: the Health and Well-Being of our Youth, 2018 Mc. Creary Centre Adolescent Health Survey has results from school districts all across BC: www. mcs. bc. ca/pdf/balance_and_connection. pdf � Smart Sex Resource: smartsexresource. com from BCCDC � Health. Link BC : www. healthlinkbc. ca or 811 to speak with a RN � Interior Health's Public Website pages on Sexual Health https: //www. interiorhealth. ca/Your. Health/Sexual. Health/Pages/default. aspx � Canada’s Source for HIV and Hepatitis C information (CATIE) http: //librarypdf. catie. ca/PDF/ATI-20000 s/24801. pdf

Lesson Two: Consent and Birth Control Options

Why? ? ? �Part of the curriculum �Important information to help you make informed decisions about your health �The ability to talk openly about sex is an important part of having a healthy relationship �BC Adolescent Health Survey Results: Infographic

Am I ready for sex? Everyone has feelings about relationships, dating, intimacy and sex. Only you can decide what is right for you, . . .

Quick Anatomy Reminder

Objectives ü Understand the importance of consent ü Learn about taking responsibility for your sexual health ü Learn about the different methods of birth control and the importance of using dual methods ü Learn about emergency contraception ü Learn about birth control effectiveness

Consent: its like a cup of tea https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=f. Go. WLWS 4 -k. U

Age of Consent in Canada

What are my options?

Abstinence – what is it? � “Can mean a number of things but in terms of birth control, abstinence means not allowing sperm near the woman’s body below the waist. In terms of STI protection, abstinence also means no oral-genital, analgenital, or intimate skin to skin contact. ” - Options for Sexual Health Fact Sheet, FS-420 Rev 03/09 � What does it mean for you?

Birth Control: Hormonal Methods �Combined Hormonal Contraceptives Ø Patch Ø Pills Ø Ring �Progesterone only Ø Pills Ø Shot (Depo Provera) Ø intrauterine device (IUD)

Combined Hormonal Contraceptives: The Pill, The Patch, The Ring �Uses two hormones – estrogen and progestin – that are similar to the ones normally produced in your body �Prevent pregnancy by stopping ovulation, changing the lining of the uterus and thickening the cervical mucous �For typical users 8 out of every 100 women/year will experience an accidental pregnancy.

Progesterone Only Contraceptives § Thickens the cervical mucous § Hinders ovulation or fertilization § Changes the lining of the uterus

Myth: a guy can’t get a girl pregnant if he doesn’t have an orgasm

Non-Hormonal Methods from the Drug Store �Sponge �Spermicide �Condoms No prescription or doctor’s visit needed

Female/Internal Condom � Soft disposable sheath � Available free from some health units � Insert in vagina before sex, use with lubricant (lube) � Lines the vagina and prevents direct genital contact and exchange

Male/External Condom � Disposable sheath that fits over an erect penis � Available in different sizes, shapes, colours, and flavours � Latex and non-latex available � Available free from health units, some schools etc. � Easy and reliable method of birth control � Very effective in preventing disease

Condom Demo

pregnant the first time she has sex

Other Non-Hormonal Methods that Require a Clinic Appointment �IUD (copper) �Surgical options (permanent) �Barriers (cervical cap/diaphragm)

Withdrawal

Emergency Contraception (EC) “Morning After Pill” aka Emergency Contraceptive Pill �The emergency contraceptive pill (ECP) is a high dose of progesterone �Must be taken within 5 days of unprotected sex, weight can be a factor in effectiveness �No prescription needed (unless you want Ulipristal acetate) �It is not an abortion pill The Copper Intrauterine Device (IUD) • must be inserted by a Dr. within 7 days of unprotected

Contraceptive Success Rates Method Actual Use Perfect Use (but who is perfect? ) Pill, Patch , Ring 92% 99. 9% IUS (progesterone) IUD (copper) 99. 9% 99. 2% 99. 9% 99. 4% Shot (Depo Provera) 97% 99. 95% Male/external condom 85% 98% Female/internal condom 79% 95% Withdrawal 73% 96% No method 15%

References � www. sexandu. ca and the Sex and HPV Its Time to Talk booklet from the SOGC (has great information on STIs and contraceptives) � www. optionsforsexualhealth. org has fact sheets and information and operates the sex sense line 1 800 sex sense 1 800 739 -7367 � Balance and Connection in BC: the Health and Well-Being of our Youth, 2018 Mc. Creary Centre Adolescent Health Survey has results from school districts all across BC: www. mcs. bc. ca/pdf/balance_and_connection. pdf � Smart Sex Resource: smartsexresource. com from BCCDC � Health. Link BC : www. healthlinkbc. ca or 811 to speak with a RN � Interior Health's Public Website pages on Sexual Health https: //www. interiorhealth. ca/Your. Health/Sexual. Health/Pages/defa ult. aspx