BIRLA VISHVAKARMA MAHAVIDYALAYA ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT 182022 Design

BIRLA VISHVAKARMA MAHAVIDYALAYA ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT 1/8/2022

Design and Analysis of Microstrip Antenna with Optimized Parameter GUIDE: Dr. J. M. RATHOD Presented By : Parmar Jeegar (120073110012) Patel Unnati (110070110063) 2

Why Antenna. . ? ? • Antennas have found several important applications over the entire frequency range, and numerous design of antenna now exists. • Antennas are everywhere: at our homes and workplaces, on our cars and aircraft, while our ships, satellites and spacecraft bristle with them. Even as pedestrians, we carry them. 3

What is Antenna. . ? ? � An antenna is defined as an efficient radiator of EM energy (radio waves) into free space. � The purpose of a transmitting antenna is to radiate as much power (watts or kilowatts) as possible, either in all directions (Omni directional antenna) or in a specified direction (directional antenna). �A receiving antenna is used to intercept electromagnetic waves and deliver RF signal voltage for further processing. 4

Antenna Classification ANTENNA END FIRES YAGIUDA LOOPS LOG PERIODIC DIPOLES FOLDEDE DIPOLE STUBS SLOTS APERTURES PATCHES OR MICROSTRIP ANTENN HORN 5

Microstrip Antenna • In its most fundamental form, a Micro strip Patch antenna consists of a radiating patch on one side of a dielectric substrate which has a ground plane on the other side. It is Shown in figure. 6

Continue…. Feeding Techniques are here for Microstrip antenna : Ø Ø Microstrip feed Coaxial feed Coupled (Indirect) Feeds Aperture Feeds 7

BASIC DESIGN EQUATIONS 8

Continue. . Where, Zc=characteristic impedance ɛo=free space permittivity µo=free space permeability 9

INNOVATION Ø Micro strip patch antenna used to send onboard parameters of article to the ground while under operating conditions. Ø The aim of thesis is to design and fabricate rectangular Micro strip Patch Antenna and study the effect of antenna dimensions Length (L), and substrate parameters relative Dielectric constant (εr), substrate thickness (h) on the Radiation parameters of Bandwidth and Beam-width. 10

NEED FOR COMPACT MICROSTRIP ANTENNA � � � Microstrip antenna has features like low profile, light weight, easy fabrication etc…… But main drawback is narrow bandwidth. Even in present day mobile communication requires smaller antenna size. Major design considerations : Bandwidth enhancement and size reduction. Compact Microstrip antenna provide compact and broadband operation. 11

Limitation of Microstrip antenna Ø Two types of limitation of microstrip antenna ØBandwidth ØGain Ø we are try to enhanced bandwidth of the micro strip antenna Using software. HFSS software is one type of high frequency simulation software. After use of hfss software and analysis of parameter we represent the bandwidth enhancement technique. 12

B/W ENHANCEMENT TECHNIQUE Ø With a size reduction at a fixed frequency, the impedance bandwidth of a Microstrip antenna is usually decreased. Ø To obtain impedance b/w Ø Increase antenna substrate thickness Ø Use meandering ground plane (fig. a) or Ø Use slotted ground plane (fig. b) 13

B/W ENHANCEMENT TECH. (contd. . ) Ø To achieve a much greater impedance bandwidth with reduction in antenna size, one can use compact design with chip-resistor loading. Ø The design is achieved by replacing shorting pin in a shorted patch antenna with chip resistor of low resistance (generally 1 ohm) 14

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN TECHNIQUES v Analysis Techniques: Ø Transmission-line circuit model Ø Multimode cavity model Ø Moment method Ø Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method Ø Finite-element method v Design Techniques: Ø Design patch elements Ø Array configurations and Ø Power division transmission lines. 15

Merits Of Microstrip Antenna Ø Micro strip patch antennas are increasing in popularity for use in wireless applications due to their low-profile structure. Therefore they are extremely compatible for embedded antennas in handheld wireless devices such as cellular phones, pagers etc. . . Ø Low fabrication cost, hence can be manufactured in large quantities. Ø Supports both, linear as well as circular polarization. 16

Demerits Of Microstrip Antenna Ø Micro strip patch antennas suffer from more drawbacks as compared to conventional antennas. Some of their major disadvantages are given below: Ø Narrow bandwidth. Ø Low efficiency. Ø Low Gain. Ø Extraneous radiation from feeds and junctions. 17

References 1. 2. 3. 4. C. A Balanis, Modern Antenna Handbook, Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. , 2008. www. wikipedia. com/the_basic_patch_antenna D. M. Pozar, Microwave engineering, published by Wiley India Pvt. Ltd. N. Ghassemi, J. Rashed-Mohassel, M. H. Neshati and S. Tavakoli, M. Ghassemi, “A high gain dual stacked aperture coupled microstrip antenna for wideband applications, ” Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 9, 127– 135, 2008. 18

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