Biotechnology Dr Zaryab Khalid What Is Biotechnology Using

Biotechnology Dr Zaryab Khalid

What Is Biotechnology? Using scientific methods with organisms to produce new products or new forms of organisms Any technique that uses living organisms or substances from those organisms to make or modify a product, to improve plants or animals, to solve a problem or to develop microorganisms for human or environmental benefits

What Is Biotechnology? GMO- genetically modified organisms. GEO- genetically enhanced organisms. With both, the natural genetic material of the organism has been altered. Roots in bread making, wine brewing, cheese and yogurt fermentation, and classical plant and animal breeding

Biotechnology: An interdisciplinary pursuit

Subjects Involved With Biotechnology Multidisciplinary- involving a number of disciplines that are coordinated for a desired outcome Science Life sciences Physical Social sciences

Colors of Biotechnology

Biomimicry ‘Biomimicry…… is a new science that studies nature's best ideas and then imitates these designs and processes to solve human problems

Stages of Biotechnology Development Ancient biotechnology- early history as related to food and shelter; Includes domestication Classical biotechnologybuilt on ancient biotechnology; Fermentation promoted food production, and medicine Modern biotechnology- manipulates genetic information in organism; Genetic engineering

Stages of Biotechnology development Organismic biotechnology- uses intact organisms; Does not alter genetic material Fermentation Biotechnology: This is, historically, the most important area in biotechnology. There has been extensive development in progress with new products such as medically important drugs, solvents, protein enhanced foods, etc. This also includes research on different types of fermentation designs to optimize the process.

History and Background

Biotechnology: “Janus-faced” Biotechnology has been described as "Janus-faced. " This implies that there are two sides. On one side, techniques allow DNA to be manipulated to move genes from one organism to another. On the other, it involves relatively new technologies whose consequences are untested and should be met with caution.

The term "biotechnology" was coined in 1919 by Karl Ereky, an Hungarian engineer. At that time, the term meant all the lines of work by which products are produced from raw materials with the aid of living organisms. Ereky envisioned a biochemical age similar to the stone and iron ages.

What Did These Individuals Contribute to Biotechnology? Anton van Leeuwenhoek Discovered Bacteria Protists Red blood cells

What Did These Individuals Contribute to Biotechnology? Gregor Johan Mendel Discovered genetics

What Did These Individuals Contribute to Biotechnology? Walter Sutton Discovered Chromosomes

What Did These Individuals Contribute to Biotechnology? Thomas Hunt Morgan Discovered how genes are transmitted through chromosomes

What Did These Individuals Contribute to Biotechnology? Ernst Ruska Invented the electron microscope

What Did These Individuals Contribute to Biotechnology? Sir Alexander Fleming Discovered penicillin

What Did These Individuals Contribute to Biotechnology? Rosalind Elsie Franklin Research led to the discovery of the double helix structure of DNA

What Did These Individuals Contribute to Biotechnology? James Watson and Francis Crick Discovered DNA

What Did These Individuals Contribute to Biotechnology? Mary-Claire Mapped King human genes for research of cancer treatments

What Did These Individuals Contribute to Biotechnology? Lan Wilmut Created the first true clone, the Dorset ewe Dolly

Selected milestones in the timeline of Biotechnology

FINAL REMARKS

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