Biotechnology Comparative genomics also has been used to
Biotechnology
Comparative genomics also has been used to identify recently mobilized transposons in genetically diverse humans. For example, over 600 recent transposon insertions were identified by examining DNA resequencing traces from 36 genetically diverse humans. Tbl 1 Which transposable elements are active in the human genome? (2007) Ryan E. Mills et al. Trends in Genetics 23: 183 -191
DNA fingerprinting using RFLPs
Visualizing differences in DNA sequence by using restriction enzymes Sequence 1 Sequence 2
Restriction Enzymes cut DNA at specific sequences
Examples of some restriction enzymes…
Visualizing differences in DNA sequence by using restriction enzymes Sequence 1 Sequence 2
Separating DNA on a gel by size
• Gel electrophoresis Fig 20. 11
Visualizing differences in DNA sequence by RFLPs
DNA fingerprinting
DNA fingerprinting
DNA fingerprinting
Can DNA be obtained from hair?
How can DNA be obtained from such a small sample?
The inventor of PCR
Polymerase Chain Reaction: amplifying DNA
Polymerase Chain Reaction Fig 20. 14
Polymerase Chain Reaction: Primers allow specific regions to be amplified.
The inventor of PCR animation http: //www. dnalc. org/ddnalc/resources/pcr. html
Areas of DNA from very small samples can be amplified by PCR, and then cut with restriction enzymes for RFLP analysis.
What is the largest scale experiment that is being currently performed?
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