Biotechnology Chapter 1 Part 2 PPT shared by

Biotechnology – Chapter 1 Part 2 PPT shared by Janice Cheshire – Fall 2014

Categories of Biotech Companies

Biotechnology Companies fall into one of 4 categories based on the products they make/sell • • Industrial and Environmental Medical/Pharmaceutical Agricultural Diagnostic Research

Industrial/Environmental Biotechnology

Fermented Foods and Beverages

Medical/Pharmaceutical Biotechnology

Agricultural Biotechnology

Diagnostic Research Biotechnology PCR ELISA DNA Fingerprinting

Biotech Firm

Discovery of antibiotics • Significant impact on life • Companies are looking for NEW antibiotics • Cipro is a new antibiotic

Use of restriction enzymes and ligase revolutionized biotechnology research and development

Recombinant DNA can be inserted into cells which will give the cells new characteristics—genetically modified organisms (GMOs)

Luciferase gene makes plant glow— transferred from fireflies

Flounder gene in strawberries

Flounder gene in tomatoes

Transgenic technology enables goats to secrete t. PA in their milk

Applications of r. DNA and genetic engineering technologies E. coli are now engineered to manufacture the blue dye of denim jeans from glucose.

How Companies Select Products to Manufacture • Develop Ideas for New Products. • Research and Development. • Product Development Plan.

Product Identification and Development Plan • Does the product meet a critical need? • Is the market large enough to produce enough sales? • Can patent protection be secured? • Can the company make a profit?

Matter of Economics • Interferon beta-1 b helps some people with a certain kind of multiple sclerosis. • Costs $20, 000 + per patient per year. • British researchers calculated what it would cost and decided the funds could be spent better in another area.

Recent Biotech product—Pulmozyme It cuts extracellular DNA left behind by dying WBCs who were fighting the bacteria. This keeps the mucus from becoming too thick