BIOSTATISTICS When you can measure what you are

BIOSTATISTICS

“When you can measure what you are speaking about and express it in numbers, you know something about it; but when you cannot express it in numbers, your knowledge about it is meager and unsatisfactory kind, it may be the beginning of knowledge but you have scarcely in your thoughts advanced to the state of science, whatever the matter may be” Lord Kelvin

INTRODUCTION STATSTIC OR DATUMMeasured or counted fact STATISTICS

BIOSTATISTICS Data derived from biological sciences

Application and uses of biostatistics 1. In physiology and anatomy 2. In pharmacology 3. In medicine 4. In community medicine and public health

In physiology and anatomy’ To define what is normal To find limits of normality

In pharmacology To find the action of drug To compare the action of drugs

In medicine To compare the efficacy of treatment modalities To find association between two attributes To identify signs and symptoms of a disease

In community medicine and public health To test usefulness of sera and vaccines in the field In epidemiological studies

DATA Datum means a measured or counted fact or piece of information stated as a figure Data is a set of values recorded on one or more observational units

Main source of data are 1. Experiments 2. Surveys 3. Records

Quantitative Data Quantitative data have a magnitude and also the frequency

Qualitative Data There is no notion of magnitude or size of the characteristic or attribute They are classified by counting the individuals having the same characteristic of attribute and not by measurement.