Biosensors and Telerobotics Science fiction Neuromancer William Gibson

Biosensors and Telerobotics

Science fiction • Neuromancer: William Gibson • The Terminal Man: Michael Crichton • Interface: Stephen Bury (Neal Stephenson)

Reality • Epilepsy treatment • Neural prostheses • Artificial organs

Robotic surgery • • How it works Valve surgery Pathfinder neurosurgery Remote surgery Robotics at Berkeley CABG Nissen

Why Robotics • • Distance surgery Telementoring Simulation/training Motion scaling – Retinal vein cannulation • Gating • Voice control • 3 D reconstruction

Implants • Functional electrical stimulation • Swallowable cameras • Implantable medical records

Auditory prostheses • Conductive hearing loss • Sensorineural hearing loss – Cochlear implants – Auditory brain implant • Projection – Implants that translate on the fly or “hear” wavelengths infrasonic and supersonic that humans can’t hear

Visual prostheses • Eye recapitulated by nature in many forms • Spectacles • Prostheses – External receptor/camera – Implanted device • Retina • Optic nerve • Visual cortex • Visual coding/training – Prism glasses

Visual prostheses • Speculative – See wavelengths humans can’t

Pacemakers • • Cardiac pacemakers Smart pacers Diaphragmatic pacemakers Bladder pacemakers

Other implantable chips • Gattaca • http: //www. cbhd. org/newsletter/022 flet cher. htm • http: //www. adsx. com/prodservpart/verichip. html

Electronic nose • Current applications – Pneumonia – Sinusitis – CSF vs. plasma