Biomolecules What are the 4 most commonly used
Biomolecules
What are the 4 most commonly used types of atoms in biology? H = Hydrogen (1 bond) O = Oxygen (2 bonds) N = Nitrogen (3 bonds) C = Carbon (4 bonds) HONC if you Biology!
- Atoms = smallest unit of “stuff” that behaves a certain way - Molecules = 2 or more atoms that are chemically bonded together
- Mono mer = one piece in a biomolecule one piece ex. - Poly mer = big molecule, many pieces bonded together many pieces ex. - Dehydration Synthesis = removes water to join monomers together less water making ex. + → - Hydro lysis = adds water to cut apart monomers water cut ex. → +
Biomolecule Category: Carbohydrates - Atoms: C, H, O - Monomers: simple sugars - Polymers: starches cellulose - Function: store energy
Biomolecule Category: Lipids - Atoms: many C, H, a few O - Monomers: fatty acids glycerol - Polymers: phospholipids fats saturated = solid at room temp unsaturated = liquid at room temp - Function: make cell membrane or store lots of energy
Biomolecule Category: Proteins - Atoms: C, H, O, N - Monomers: amino acids - Polymers: proteins - Function: many jobs inside the cell, shape determines job
Proteins have specific shapes…
Biomolecule Category: Nucleic Acids - Atoms: C, H, O, N, P - Monomers: nucleotides - Polymers: DNA, RNA - Function: store info about how to build the cell
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