Biomolecules Four Organic Compounds Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic
Biomolecules
Four Organic Compounds: • Carbohydrates • Lipids • Proteins • Nucleic Acids Why organic?
Polymer (Macromolecule) Carbohydrates Monomer monosaccharide Function body’s primary source of energy Examples glycogen (animals); starch (plants) cellulose (plant cell wall) Diagram glucose molecule Elements: C, H, O C 6 H 12 O 6 1: 2: 1 Ratio
Three Types of Carbohydrates: • Monosaccharide – “mono” means one a single sugar • Disaccharide – “di” means two sugars • Polysaccharide – “poly” means many sugars
Polymer (Macromolecule) Lipids Monomer fatty acids & glycerol Function long term energy storage insulation (conserves heat) fats, oils, waxes, steroids, cholesterol phospholipids (cell membrane) Examples Diagram Elements: C, H, O
Common Lipid Structures Phospholipid Triglyceride Saturated (solid lipid) Unsaturated (liquid lipid)
Polymer Proteins (Macromolecule) Monomer amino acids Function needed for growth & repair Examples enzymes, hemoglobin, collagen, muscle, hair, nails, hormones, antibodies Diagram = Polypeptide Chain peptide bond Elements: C, H, O, N
Polypeptide Chain = Chain of Amino Acids = Protein (amine group) Peptide bonds = bonds between amino acids
Protein Structure
Polymer (Macromolecule) Nucleic Acids Monomer nucleotides Function stores genetic information & helps make proteins Examples DNA, RNA Diagram Elements: C, H, O, N, P Nucleotide:
Molecular Structure Of. . . DNA nucleotide RNA nucleotide
Polymer or Monomer? And what type of molecule? Polymer Carbohy. 1. Monomer Protein 2. Polymer Protein 3. 4. 6. Monomer Carbohydrate 5. Polymer Lipid Polymer Nucleic Acid
Jigsaw: Read Your Article and find the answers to the following questions: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Daigram? Monomer? Elements? Function? Examples?
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