Biomolecules Carbohydrates Elements C H O Monomer monosaccharides

Biomolecules

Carbohydrates • Elements: C, H, O • Monomer: monosaccharides • Polymer: polysaccharides Glucose

Carbohydrates • Function: – Energy storage – Identification on surface Glucose of cell membrane

Phospholipid Lipids • Elements: C, H, some O • Subunits: glycerol + fatty acids

Phospholipid Lipids • Function: – Long term energy storage – Main part of cell membrane • hydrophobic

Proteins • Elements: C, H, O, N • Monomer: amino acids • Polymer: polypeptide (protein)

Proteins • Function: – Make reactions and cell processes happen – Build bones and muscle – fight disease

Nucleic Acids Pyrimidines (DNA) • Elements: C, H, O, N, P • Monomer: nucleotides • Polymer: DNA or RNA Nucleotides Purines (DNA)

Nucleic Acids Pyrimidines (DNA) • Function: • 1. Carry genetic info Nucleotides Purines (DNA)

Macromolecules include Carbohydrates Lipids Nucleic acids Proteins that consist of Monosaccharides Glycerol and Fatty Acids Nucleotides Amino Acids which contain Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus Sugars and starches Fats and oils DNA and RNA Collagen, Keratin

Cell Membrane Structure Extra cellular Fluid Cytoplasm

Cell Membrane Structure Proteins Add stability and some have carbohydrates attached

Cell Membrane Structure Carbohydrates Act as chemical ID tags

Cell Membrane Structure Protein channel Allow larger or charged molecules to pass through the membrane by facilitated diffusion.

Cell Membrane Structure Phospholipids Flexible, yet strong barrier of the cell; is semipermeable.

Cell Membrane Structure Hydrophilic head Hydrophobic tail

Macromolecule reteach Explain which biomolecule is represented… There may be more than one…

Contains Carbon Carbohydrate Protein Lipid Nucleic Acid

Contains Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus Nucleic Acid

Contains Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen Carbohydrate Protein Lipid Nucleic Acid

Contains Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen, Nitrogen Protein Nucleic Acid

The main part of the cell membrane (yellow in the diagram) Lipid

The passageways through the cell membrane (pink in the diagram) Protein

The “identification tags” the cell membrane (blue in the diagram) Carbohydrate

A long string of Amino Acids Protein

• Function is to make up the cell membrane that won’t dissolve in water • Lipids

A polysaccharide Carbohydrate Monosaccharide

DNA Nucleic Acid

• Function is to carry genetic information • Nucleic acids

Large, complex folding chain of amino acids Protein Amino acids

• Function is for energy storage and usage • Lipid and Carbohydrate

A dissaccharide Carbohydrate Monosaccharide

Monomer: nucleotide Nucleotide Key Adenine (A) Thymine (T) Cytosine (C) Guanine (G) • Nucleic Acid

• Function is to build bones and muscle • Proteins

Phospholipids Lipid

Hemoglobin transports oxygen in our blood. Protein

• Function is to control cell functions • Protein