Biomes contain many ecosystems Section 1 4 Taiga

Biomes contain many ecosystems Section 1. 4

Taiga • • Northern Biome Long winters and short summers Temperature Range -400 c to 200 c Precipitation 30 cm to 60 cm per year Evergreen (coniferous) Slow decomposition causes poor soil Insects, birds, squirrels, deer, elk, snowshoe hare and beavers • Predators include lynx, owls, bears and wolves

Tundra • • Northernmost Biome Precipitation below 25 cm a year Temperatures range from -500 c to 180 c Very little evaporation from soil (Permafrost) No trees Mosses, grasses and woody shrubs Lichen Rodents, caribou, musk oxen, grizzly bears, white fox, snowy owls and migratory birds

Desert • • • Middle Latitudes Precipitation below 25 cm a year Temperatures range from 00 c to 500 c No trees Cacti and other plants that require little water • Lizard, kangaroo rats, ground squirrel, snakes, owls and fox

Grassland • • Middle latitudes Precipitation between 50 cm and 90 cm per year Temperatures 300 c in summer and cold winters Nutrient rich soil Few Trees Grasses and wildflowers Wildfire and drought keep shrubs from growing Rodents, bison, wild horses, gazelle, zebra, wolves, tigers and lions

Temperate Forest • Precipitation between 75 cm and 150 cm per year • Temperatures range from about -300 c to 300 c • Short winters and long summers • Fertile soil from decaying plant matter • Decidous trees(oak, birch, beech, maple) • Mice, chipmunks, squirrels, raccoon, deer • Predators include wolves, bobcat, foxes and mountain lions

Tropical Forest • Equitorial • Temperature 250 c year round • Precipitation between 200 cm to 450 cm per year • Poor quality soil due to the abundance of plants • Abundant animals • Monkeys, birds, insects snakes

Fresh Water • Include streams, rivers, ponds and lakes • Streams and rivers have running water • Algae and plants grow in and around the water • Insects, snails, fish, salamander, turtles and frogs Estuary is the transition area between the fresh water and marine biomes.

Marine • Saltwater • Coastal Ocean, Open Ocean and Deep Ocean • Coastal ocean includes the beach and tidal pools • Open Ocean has less sunlight and cooler water temperatures. • Deep ocean is darker and colder