BIOMES Chapter 34 Biotic and abiotic factors Biotic

BIOMES Chapter 34

Biotic and abiotic factors � � � Biotic factors are living things that affect an organism (predators) Abiotic factors are non-living components in an environment like water, sunlight, temperature, and soil. Disturbances can occur like fire, storms, and droughts

Rain Forests � � Location: South and Central America, Africa, S. East Asia Climate: As much as 350 cm rain per year, hot and humid climate Most diverse biome Are cut down and burned for farming. � Slash and burn agriculture � Soil is weak and nutrient poor

Savanna � � North Africa Warm climate with alternating wet and dry seasons Grassland with scattered trees, lots of grazing animals Periodic fires, poaching

Deserts � � American Southwest, Africa, Middle east Less than 30 cm of rain per year, temperatures may be hot during the day and very cold at night Plants that store water like cacti , Animals tend to be light colored so they don’t absorb heat , and have adaptations to conserve water Desertification- development of new deserts due to environmental problems

Chapparal � � California and Mediterranean coast Mild rainy winter and hot dry summers Dense spiny shrubs, reptiles, small mammals Periodic fires

Temperate Grassland � � American Midwest Colder winters than savanna, Four distinct seasons, Not enough rain for trees Grasses, grazing animals, insects, birds Periodic fire and drought, rich soil for farming

Temperate Deciduous Forest � � Northeast US, Europe, China Four distinct seasons Deciduous trees lose their leaves like oak, hickory, maple We live in this biome, lots of development

Coniferous Forest � � Maine, Washington, Oregon, Canada Cold temperatures, shorter growing seasons and long snowy winters Trees with needles and cones like pine, spruce and fir, moose, bears, beavers Also called taiga, trees used for lumber and paper

Tundra � � Near North and South Pole, Alaska Cold long snowy winter, short cool summer, Frozen soil – permafrost (poor drainage) Mosses, lichens – few large plants Rich in natural resources, important fishing industry

Fresh/salt water Vocab � Photic zone � Aphotic zone � Phytoplankton � Benthic zone

Estuaries � Places where salt and fresh water mix � Very diverse

Ocean Vocab � � � � Pelagic zone/Oceanic zone Abyssal zone Intertidal zone Neritic zone Zooplankton Coral reef Hydrothermal vents