Biomedical Lab Safety BME 70 AB Biomedical Engineering

Biomedical Lab Safety BME 70 A/B Biomedical Engineering Capstone Design

Section I: Know your surroundings Make sure you know where the nearest Power Cut Off Button, Emergency Pull Station, Phone, Fire Extinguisher and Fire Alarm Pull is located. Misuse of any of the above is covered by the student code of conduct. Know and plan your escape routes in case of fire or emergency. 3/4/2021 | 2

Red Power Cut Off Button Use in the case of electrocution, major equipment malfunction, fire. Once pushed, power is removed from all lab stations. The system must be reset by Jim Koch. 3/4/2021 | 3

Blue Emergency Pull Station Use in the case of any emergency, medical, accident, electrocution or intruder. Also call Security, 416 -9795040, let them know the situation. Call 911. 3/4/2021 | 4

Video Surveillance 24/7 Video recording. Security only records it does not watch. 3/4/2021 | 5

Emergency Procedures Review Poster on Lab Door Armed Robbery/Armed Threats/Hostage Takings/Incidents Involving Weapons Bomb Threats Critical Injury Fires/Explosions Threatening or Disturbing Behaviour Spills and Leaks -- Radiation, Biohazard or Chemical Agent 3/4/2021 | 6

Section II: Lab Rules • Do not work alone. - Especially when working with live circuits. • No food or drink in the lab, drink includes bottled water. • Do not leave powered circuits unattended in the lab. • Use appropriate personal safety equipment for work you are performing. 3/4/2021 | 7

• If the Fire Alarm sounds. - The lab must be evacuated, and all persons must leave the building by the safest route possible. - Give aid to any persons requiring help evacuating the building. Don't remove cables from the back of PC's or test equipment. Only 4 th year students are allowed in the EDP labs without supervision, keep the door closed and don't let lower year students in the lab. 3/4/2021 | 8

Section III: Electrical hazards • Electrocution/Shock from INSTALLED equipment. • Electrocution/Shock from TEMPORARY wiring. • Electrocution/Shock from APPARATUS or POWER SUPPLIES. 3/4/2021 | 9

Electrocution/Shock from INSTALLED equipment: • Test equipment in the lab should bear the CSA or equivalent markings. • It is possible for a defective piece of equipment to become lethal, should the hot wire touch an ungrounded case. • An accidental spill of liquid into or around equipment can also be lethal. • Damaged, modified line cords. Always check apparatus line cords for damage. 3/4/2021 | 10

Electrocution/Shock from TEMPORARY wiring • Experimental apparatus wiring. Always make sure power is turned off when making changes to the wiring. • Damaged test and interconnection leads. Always check leads before use. 3/4/2021 | 11

Electrocution/Shock from POWER SUPPLIES or APPARATUS • DC power supplies. Outputs are isolated from ground by means of a step down transformer. Connecting any of the outputs to the terminal marked ground (Green) will connect the circuit and power supply to the earth ground through the line cord. ENG 306/307 supplies, low output voltage could shock or prove fatal if conditions are right. ENG 308 supplies, 60 V at 6 Amps and 120 V at 3 Amps. The high voltage potential of these supplies create a shock, electrocution hazard. Never make wiring changes with power on. 3/4/2021 | 12

Electrical Shock Electric shock occurs when the body becomes part of an electrical circuit. Shocks can happen in three ways. • A person may come in contact with both conductors in a circuit. • A person may provide a path between an ungrounded conductor and the ground. • A person may provide a path between the ground a conducting material that is in contact with an ungrounded conductor. 3/4/2021 | 13

Injury and Death The extent of injury accompanying electric shock depends on three factors. • The amount of current conducted through the body. • The path of the current through the body. • The length of time a person is subjected to the current. In addition, you may strike something, or have some other accident as a result of your response to the shock. 3/4/2021 | 14

Injury < 10 ma Death >10 ma 3/4/2021 | 15

Connecting to the Human/Animal subject Do not use the lab power supplies. ONLY 9 V BATTERIES ARE TO BE USED IN THE INPUT SIDE THAT IS CONNECTED TO THE HUMAN/ANIMAL SUBJECT VIA ELECTRODES. ISOLATION CIRCUITS AND CLAMPING DIODES ARE MANDATORY.

Electrical Isolation and Clamping Circuits Isolation Amplifiers, a non ohmic connection exists between input and output. 3 common types, transformer, optical and capacitive. Use when connecting to lap top, PC, any line powered device. Clamping circuits provide protection from high voltage transients.

Transformer Isolation Optical Isolation Capacitive Isolation

Clamping Circuit

Section IV: Lab Equipment • Scope • Multimeter • Function Generator • Computer • Soldering Iron

Scopes Precautions • The scope's ground inputs are grounded to earth ground through the line cord. • Extreme care must be taken when placing the scope ground on the circuit under test in order to avoid a short circuit. • Use a Differential probe to avoid grounding problems.

Multimeter Precautions • Remove meter from circuit before changing ranges. • Never measure a live circuit using Ohms/Diode range. • The meter looks like a dead short when on the current range, extreme caution must be used, never try to measure voltage when on the current range. • Do not make measurements that may exceed the meters ratings. • Protect yourself with a set of fused leads.

Function Generator Precautions • Do not connect output directly to a voltage source. • The output ground is connected to earth ground through the line cord, use caution when placing ground.

Computers Bench top and some lap tops. Precautions • The PC is grounded to earth ground through the mains plug. This means that the Serial, Video, USB, and Parallel printer port are all at earth ground potential. Caution must be used when interfacing circuits to the PC.

Solder Irons – Fume Extractors Precautions • Tip is very hot, will burn flesh instantly. • Wear safety glasses and limit exposed skin. • Make sure fume extractor is on. • Use only lead free solder. • Do not use plumbers soldering paste it will eat your board. • Make sure you hold the leads when trimming so they don't fly into someones eye or equipment.

Section V: Accident Response • Minor cuts and scrapes: Use the first aid kit in the lab. Or see our First Aider in ENG 439. • Non Electrical serious and life threatening injuries: Pull the Blue emergency pull station. Call security. Go to ENG 439 to get the designated First Aider. Use the first aid kit in the lab. Electrocution, Burn, Shock: Push the Red power shutoff button in the lab, Pull the Blue emergency pull station. Send a student to ENG 439 to get the designated First Aider. Call security. • If the First Aider can't be found try any of the engineering support staff, they all have had first aid training. • Call security if you can't handle the situation or can't find the First Aider.

What to do in case of Electrocution, shock: • Push Red Button to shut off power. Pull the Blue Emergency Pull. • Call Security and send someone for the First Aider in ENG 439. • Look before you touch. The person may still be connected to the current. Touching them can pass the current through your body. If the person is still connected to the electrical source remove them from the current using a piece of nonconducting material such as wood, cardboard or plastic. Or if it is safe to do so unplug or shut off the source. • DO NOT touch the person with your bare hands if they are still connected to the current.

What to do in case of Electrocution, shock: • Check vital signs. Look for signs of breathing and a pulse. If the person is not breathing qualified persons should begin CPR. • After a shock or burn to prevent shock. Have the person lie down on their side and elevate their legs higher than their head. • DO NOT move the injured person unless absolutely necessary • In cases of burns and shock, send the person to the hospital. • Inform management of the accident.

Accident Reporting Report the Accident/Incident/Exposure to: • Person in charge of Lab Your professor The Chair / Academic Director Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) 416 -979 -5000 x 553770

Electrical Safety Authority The Electrical Safety Authority's (ESA) mission is to improve electrical safety for the well-being of the people of Ontario. ESA is responsible for administering specific regulations related to the Ontario Electrical Safety Code, licensing of Electrical Contractors and Master Electricians, electricity distribution system safety, and electrical product safety. The Ontario Electrical Safety Code (OESC) and Ontario Regulation 438/07 require that all electrical products and devices (including equipment) be approved. Always make sure the product or device you are using has a recognized mark or label and is deemed to be approved. A list of recognized marks and labels is available on the ESA's website.

Electrical Safety Authority

Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System The Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS) is Canada's national hazard communication standard. The key elements of the system are cautionary labeling of containers of WHMIS "controlled products", the provision of safety data sheets (SDSs) and worker education and training programs. Before you start work with any product check it's SDS sheet for proper use.

Biomedical Safety Hospital Equipment Source: LSUHSC-Monroe E. A. Conway Medical Center Library Be kind to the equipment. Remove plugs from the wall sockets by grasping the body of the plug not by pulling on the line cord. • Avoid routing powering cords and patient cables in areas of heavy foot traffic or cart traffic. If possible, do not roll carts over power cords or patient cables. • Do not drape power cords or patient cables across sinks, or any other metal or wet surface. • Do not use multiple outlet adapters or extension cords.

• Do not put vessels containing liquids that could be spilled on the top of equipment. • If you receive an electric shock, even a minor one ("tingling" sensation) when you touch a piece of equipment, report it immediately. Failure to do this could cost a life. • If possible, avoid touching electrical equipment (even the controls of monitors) with one hand another metal surface with the other hand particularly if you suspect an electrical problem. Do not touch equipment with wet hands. • If a patient is connected to the equipment (such as an ECG monitor or recorder) remove the connections before switching the power "on" or “off”. • Do not use damaged or worn wall outlets.

EHS Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) at Ryerson supports and advances the learning, research and teaching activities across the university by promoting and supporting a safe and healthy campus environment. EHS https: //www. ryerson. ca/facilities-management-development/environmentalhealth-safety/ Safety Tips from EHS https: //www. ryerson. ca/facilities-management-development/environmentalhealth-safety/safety-tips/ 3/4/2021 |

Thank You Until we are back at Ryerson, you can email me at jkoch@ee. ryerson. ca if you have any safety questions.