Biomass and carbon stock changes in regenerating forests

Biomass and carbon stock changes in regenerating forests under JFM Dr. P. Sudha Centre for Ecological Sciences Indian Institute of Science Bangalore – 560 012

n CDM n n n JFM n n Non Annex I countries in achieving sustainable development Annex I countries in achieving compliance with their quantified emission limitation Participatory approach to Forest Management Benefits to accrue to the communities Appropriate institutional and financial mechanisms CFM n Self initiated forest protection committees

n Spread of JFM n n n JFM in 23 states of India Over 62, 894 Village Forest Committees formed 14 million ha of JFM area. Afforestation/Reforestation in degraded forest Funded through central, state and external agencies Future Plans for JFM n n Go. I plans to cover nearly 1, 73, 000 forest fringe villages Target for greening programme n 15 Mha of degraded forest - JFM n 10 Mha of irrigated area - commercial agroforestry n 18 Mha of rainfed area - subsistence agroforestry n Rs 4800 crores annually; existing Rs. 1615 crores

Potential area available for reforestation and afforestation n n n Authors/Sources NRSA Ministry of Agriculture Chambers et al Kapoor Planning Commission n n n Land Available for Planting 65. 45 Mha 66 Mha 84 Mha 106 Mha 130 Mha

Methods for estimating C sequestration n COMAP Model n Annual and cumulative carbon stock changes n Incremental carbon stock n Total C stock per ha n Cost-Effectiveness; n n Investment cost; Rs/t. C or Rs/ha Life cycle cost; Rs/t. C or Rs/ha Net present value of returns; Rs/t. C Calculation method n Area under JFM n Annual Above Ground Biomass Growth Rates n Financial value of carbon credit at Rs 500/t. C n Total Mitigation Potential n Financial Potential

C sequestration potential A & R Activity Annual C sequestrati on potential/yr Kaluasar, WB Sal regenerating 2. 7 240 Kharikamathani, WB Sal regenerating 1. 1 62 Uthannayagram, WB Sal regenerating 2. 9 1605 Kapasgaria, WB Sal regenerating 1. 8 44 Bhagawatichowk, WB Sal regenerating 1. 7 90 Kunbar, Gujarat Regenerating teak 0. 9 170 Rampur, Gujarat Regenerating teak 1. 0 119 Garda, Gujarat Regenerating teak 0. 8 83 Location and Region Total t. C/yr

Location and Region A & R Activity Annual C sequestratio Total n potential/yr t. C/yr Bada Bhilwara, Rajasthan Deciduous 2. 0 1200 Alalli, Karnataka Evergreen 2. 0 147 Hunasur, Karnataka Evergreen 3. 8 453 Kugwe, Karnataka Evergreen 3. 0 580 Halakar, Karnataka Evergreen 1. 7 34 Kutling, Orissa Regenerating Sal 1. 4 357 Nabra, Orissa Regenerating Sal 1. 1 54 Gadabanikilo, Orissa Regenerating Sal 2. 6 158 Asundariya, Gujarat Regenerating Teak 2. 1 374 Baluji Na Muvada, Gujarat Deciduous 4. 9 595 Dabbar, J&K Pine 1. 3 65 Johnu, J&K Pine 1. 0 10 Ritti, J&K Pine 0. 8 16

Financial Potential Financial value (Rs/HH/yr) 240 119925 1845 Kharikamathani, WB 62 31065 485 Uthannayagram, WB 1605 802620 16052 Kapasgaria, WB 44 22062 368 Bhagawatichowk, WB 90 44785 1066 Kunbar, Gujarat 170 85070 516 Rampur, Gujarat 119 59700 1085 83 41500 96 Location and Region Kaluasar, WB Garda, Gujarat Total t. C/yr

Location and Region Bada Bhilwara, Rajasthan Total t. C/yr Financial value (Rs/HH/yr) 1200 599760 4224 Alalli, Karnataka 147 73548 645 Hunasur, Karnataka 453 226500 1606 Kugwe, Karnataka 580 290030 1585 Halakar, Karnataka 34 16900 147 Kutling, Orissa 357 178560 484 Nabra, Orissa 54 27120 57 Gadabanikilo, Orissa 158 78750 551 Asundariya, Gujarat 374 187005 1281 Baluji Na Muvada, Gujarat 595 297375 2124 Dabbar, J&K 65 32250 2150 Johnu, J&K 10 5175 83 Ritti, J&K 16 8200 55

Other issues to be addressed n n Larger Carbon benefits Other Carbon pools n n Soil Litter Below ground biomass Inclusion of baseline estimations

Baseline and Additionality Issues n n n n Mean area afforested/reforested is 1. 5 Mha under various programmes Area brought under JFM 14 Mha Additionality? ? ? Leakage? ? Uncertainties? ? Socio-economic Environmental impacts