Biology The study of Life Living versus nonliving

Biology: The study of Life • Living versus non-living • Life functions

Living l l l vs. Nonliving Living _______ : Carry out the life processes, or did so at one time. Never Nonliving: _______carried out the life processes Living things need to meet certain criteria. . . energy – Living things use _______ definite – Have a _______ form. Life span – Have a limited __________ Grow – ________ Respond – ______ to changes in the environment Reproduce – __________ cells – And are made up of _________ one – ** non living objects may show _______ or more of these never characteristics but ________ all of them.

Nutrition: l l l obtain food Includes the activities by which living things ___________ and break it down to simple molecules which supply the nutrients and materials necessary for the maintenance of their bodies. Two types of nutrition… 1. __________: auto meaning self, therefore we can conclude Autotrophic own that atrophic organisms make their ____food. EX. Plants Heterotrophic 2. __________: organism obtains food from its environment. EX. Humans, fungi. . . Nutrition divided into three steps… Ingestion 1. ___________taking in food 2. ___________breaking down food into simpler forms that Digestion the organism can use Egestion 3. _________removal of undigested food from digestive track

Transport: l l Absorption ________ ( useable materials are Circulation taken in by the organism) & _______ (materials distributed through the organism) 2 types… Passive no energy needed 1) ______: Active 2) ________: requires the use of energy

Respiration: stored Converts _______ energy in food to the useable form of ATP. l Two types of respiration… Aerobic 1) _______requires oxygen from air or water to break down food and release ATP Anaerobic 2) _______no oxygen required l

Synthesis: l l larger Building ______ molecules from smaller _______ molecules These large molecules can then be used to become part of the structure of the organism Assimilation - ______

Growth: l l ________ Increase in cell size and number. This is helped by the products of synthesis _______

Excretion: l l l Removal _______ of metabolic wastes. These wastes are produced as a result of all life funtions: Urea – ___________ Salt – ___________ Carbon Dioxide – ___________ Water Vapor – ___________ Undigested _________ food wastes are not part of excretion urine Urea, salt, and water make up _____ and sweat _____

Regulation: l l Control Coordination ______ and _______ of the bodies systems – all life functions Endocrine Nervous _______ and _______ system work together to aid in regulation.

Reproduction: l l l more The organism produces _____ of its own kind 2 types of reproduction… Sexual _______: 2 parents= genetic variation Example: humans, cats, dogs etc. Asexual 1 parent= _____ Identical offspring _______: l Mostly plants use this method l Also unicellular organisms such as bacteria and protozoan NOT REPRODUCTION IS ______ NECESSARY FOR THE SURVIVAL OF AN ORGANISM, BUT IS NECESSARY FOR THE SURVIVAL OF species THE ________!

Metabolism: l l l Combines all of the life functions necessary to maintain life. Homeostasis is maintaining a stable ________ internal environment in spite of changes to the organisms external environment Another word for homeostasis is Dynamic equilibrium __________

Review of Life Processes: l l l l l Metabolism _______-all of the chemical reactions Respiration usable _______-energy converted into a ________ form Synthesis smaller _______-to make larger molecules from _____ ones Growth number _______-increase in cell ________and size Reproduction _______-make new organisms Excretion wastes _______-removal of cellular _______ Assimilation _______-incorporation of materials into an organisms body within Transport _______-movement _______ an organism, involves circulation and absorption Regulation _______-control and coordination of the body Nutrition _______-taking in (ingestion) and processing (digestion) of nutrients