Biology January 31 st Get out your annotated

Biology January 31 st Get out your annotated Blue People article! Reminders: �DNA Genetics Internet Activity due tomorrow!!

Blue People of Troublesome Creek Complete the following tasks with your group: �Create a list of the words you do NOT know �Shade the circles and squares of the people who are blue in the pedigree �Answer the following questions: ◦ What made some members of the Fugate family blue? ◦ Who diagnosed the disorder? ◦ Why did the Fugates marry into their own family? ◦ What two industries brought progress to KY?

Question of the Day! �Why don’t you look like the person sitting next to you? (be specific!)

Why do you look like that? Genetics = Study of Heredity Passing of genes, or traits, from parent to offspring

Genes �Segments of DNA on chromosomes that determine specific traits �Two forms of every gene! ◦ Called alleles ◦ Represented by capitol or lowercase letters �Ex: H or h (same letter, different form) ◦ Alleles make up your genotype ◦ Genes determine your physical appearance!

Traits �Inherited Characteristics �Observable Traits = Phenotype Physical Characteristics Ex: Hair color, eye color, freckles, dimples, right-handed

Traits Continued �Dominant Trait = will always be seen when a copy of the allele is present ◦ Represented by capitol letter ◦ Ex: Right-handed (H) �Recessive Trait = hidden when the dominant allele is present ◦ Represented by lower case letter ◦ Ex: Left-Handed (h)

Genotype �The genes that are present in an individual ◦ Represented by 2 letters! �Homozygous: 2 of the same alleles or genes ◦ Homozygous dominant: 2 dominant alleles �Ex: HH ◦ Homozygous Recessive: 2 recessive alleles �Ex: hh �Heterozygous: 2 alleles that are opposite ◦ One dominant and one recessive

Happy Friday!! �Turn in your DNA Genetics Internet Activity �Get out your Genetics Practice Problems from Thursday, as well as your notes Genetics Quiz TUESDAY!!

Practice #1 AA Bb Cc DD ___________

Practice #2 Green peas are dominant to yellow peas GG _______ Gg _______ gg _______

Practice #3 Straight hair is dominant to curly. _____ Straight _____ straight (heterozygous) _____ curly

Gregor Mendel �Austrian Monk who studied genetics in pea plants

Punnett Squares �Used to predict the traits of offspring Dad’s genotype Mom’s genotype g n i pr fs f O es e l p y b i t ss eno o P g

T= t = tall p sho ea rt p plan ea t pla nt x tt Mendel’s Experiment �Parent Generation: TT (tall) (short)

T= t = tall p sho ea rt p plan ea t p lan Tt t Mendel’s Experiment �First Generation: Tt x (tall)

More Practice Use the punnett square on #2 to answer the following question: If you crossed a heterozygous short haired guinea pig with a long haired guinea pig, what percentage of the offspring would have long hair?

In hobbits, hairy toes (H) are dominant to smooth toes(h). Cross a homozygous hairy toed hobbit with a heterozygous hairy toed hobbit.

In pea plants, purple flowers (P) are dominant to white flowers(p). Cross 2 homozygous purple flower plants.

In guinea pigs, brown hair (B) is dominant to spotted hair (b). Cross 2 heterozygous brown guinea pigs.

Widow’s peak (W) is dominant to a smooth hairline (w). Cross a woman who is homozygous for widow’s peak with her husband, who has a smooth hairline.

In Rasatafarians, dreadlocks are dominant to baldness. Cross a female who’ s bald with her husband, who is homozygous for dreads.