Biology 4 What is Life Properties of Life
Biology 4
What is Life?
Properties of Life
Reproduction
Order
Growth and Development
Use Energy
Response to the Environment
Homeostasis
Evolutionary Adaptations
Smallest Unit of Life • Cell or Virus? ?
Smallest Unit of Life – The Cell • Prokaryotic Cells – DNA and Ribosomes – No nucleus – No membrane bound Organelles • Eukaryotic Cells – DNA and Ribosomes – Nucleus – Membrane bound Organelles
Emergent Properties • Novel properties emerge that are not present at the level below • Reductionism
Unity and Diversity
Biology Hierarchy
Biology Hierarchy • • Subatomic Particles Atoms Molecules Organelles Cells Tissues Organ Systems • • • Organisms Populations Communities Ecosystems Biomes Biosphere
Biology Hierarchy • K • P • C • O • F • G • S
Biology Hierarchy • Kingdom • Phylum • Class • Order • Family • Genus • Species
Biology Hierarchy • Kingdom - Animalia • Phylum • Class • Order • Family • Genus • Species
Biology Hierarchy • Kingdom - Animalia • Phylum - Chordata • Class • Order • Family • Genus • Species
Biology Hierarchy • Kingdom - Animalia • Phylum - Chordata • Class - Aves • Order • Family • Genus • Species
Biology Hierarchy • Kingdom - Animalia • Phylum - Chordata • Class - Aves • Order - Falconiformes • Family • Genus • Species
Biology Hierarchy • Kingdom - Animalia • Phylum - Chordata • Class - Aves • Order - Falconiformes • Family - Accipitridae • Genus • Species
Biology Hierarchy • Kingdom - Animalia • Phylum - Chordata • Class - Aves • Order - Falconiformes • Family - Accipitridae • Genus - Haliaeetus • Species
Biology Hierarchy • Kingdom - Animalia • Phylum - Chordata • Class - Aves • Order - Falconiformes • Family - Accipitridae • Genus - Haliaeetus • Species - leucocephalus
Biology Hierarchy • Kingdom - Animalia • Phylum - Chordata • Class - Aves • Order - Falconiformes • Family - Accipitridae • Genus - Haliaeetus • Species - leucocephalus
Biology Hierarchy • Domain • Kingdom • Phylum • Class • Order • Family • Genus • Species
Domains
Domain: Bacteria • Prokaryotic • Cell Walls Peptidoglycan • Most Bacteria
Domain: Archaea • Prokaryotic • Extreme Conditions • Make DNA and Proteins like eukaryotic cells
Domain: Eukarya • Eukaryotic Cells
Kingdom: Protista • Usually Unicellular • Some have Cell Walls of Cellulose
Kingdom: Fungi • Multicellular • Cell Walls of Chitin • Decomposers
Kingdom: Plantae • Multicellular • Cell Walls of Cellulose • Autotrophs
Kingdom: Animalia • Multicellular • No Cell Walls • Heterotrophs
What is Science? • Science = To Know • Science is a process – Scientific Method
What is Science? • Science = To Know • Science is a process – Scientific Method
Scientific Method • Observation – Senses / Lit search • Hypothesis – Testable and Repeatable – Null hypothesis – No significant difference – Alternative hypothesis – significant difference • Experiment – Sample Size = 30 – Control, change one variable – Threshold criterion (0. 05) • Analysis – Quantitative (Statistical testing) • Conclusion
Scientific Method • Observation – Senses / Lit search • Hypothesis – Testable and Repeatable – Null hypothesis – No significant difference – Alternative hypothesis – significant difference • Experiment – Sample Size = 30 – Control, change one variable – Threshold criterion (0. 05) • Analysis – Quantitative (Statistical testing) • Conclusion
Are they the same? • Hypothesis • Theory • Law
Probability in Science • Science eliminates possibilities
Probability in Science • Do the colors make them harder to see? • Is there a benefit looking like a poisonous species?
Probability in Science • Science eliminates possibilities
Probability in Science • Science eliminates possibilities
Evolution
Evolution • Change over time
Why isn’t “Intelligent Design” taught in most science Classes?
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