Biological Oceanography Department of Oceanography Pusan National University
Biological Oceanography Department of Oceanography Pusan National University
Salinity n 염분 (salinity); 해수 1 kg 중에 녹아있는 염분의 양. n Major elements Trace elements; dissolved gas, nutrients n
Variability of salinity n n n Evaporation and precipitation Ice formation and melting 35 per mil Maximum at 20 -30 lat. halocline
Biological importance of salinity n n Osmosis Osmoregulation Fish: small urine secretes salts Active transport; expensive
Salinity in estuary n Euryhaline n Stenohaline
Density of seawater n Water mass n Controls water movement
Pressure n 1 atm per 10 m n Migrate vertically (~several 100 m) n Eurybathic stenobathic n
Currents n Clockwise gyre (N. hemi. ) n Stronger in western boundary n Influence biological production
Phytoplankton n Unicellular algae n Small n Diverse group; 4000 species
Prokaryotae : Cyanophyta motility, phototaxis, photosyn. Protoctista : Chloro. Eug. Din. Chryso. Bac. motility, phototaxis, photosyn. mitosis, gametogen. meiosis
Diatoms n n n Bacillariophyceae Temperate and high latitude 2~1000 um Skeleton, frustule; silica Various patterns in frustule Diatomaceous
Diatom frustule Epitheca: epivalve + epicingulum Hypotheca: hypovalve+hypocingulum
Growth of the cell during the cell cycle
Centric diatom small discoid plastid extracellular polysaccharide Pennete large plate plastid
The rimopotula centric diatom, simple external opening, consist of tube fibril secreting organelles B-chitin fibrils, colony formation
a-c : fultoportulae central tube 4 satellite pores d-f : rimoportulae simple slit
Thalassiosira nordenskioeldii mucilage thread , loose chain circular foramina, projection
Thalassiosira nordenskioeldii d-e: loculate areolae radial row f-k: scattered or grouped fultoportulae i : 3 -4 butresses saterllite form
Skeletonema costatum a : Numerious fine threads, LM b-c : closely associated with a ring of fultoportulae
Skeletonema costatum ring of fultoportulae knuckles: interlock with the processes from the adjacent cell
Biddulphia sp. Rectangular in girdle view Prominent elevations at pole Zigzag chains
Biddulphia sp. valve spine pseudocelli external tube, two spine rimoportulae
Pennate-Raphe system
Central raphe fissure Terminal raphe fissure
Nitzschia sigmoides needle like form striae uniseriate epipelic, planktonic
Nitzschia sigmoides marginal ridge raphe system eccentric
Entomoneis alata twisted about apical axis lying girdle view girdle band : numerious, open, porous
Entomoneis alata delicate porous siliceous membrane biseriate, multiseriate
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