Biological Assessment of Lucas Pond Sierra Cantrell Ron
Biological Assessment of Lucas Pond Sierra Cantrell, Ron Irvin, Elizabeth Ng, John Tjaden University of Idaho Limnology Fall 2013
Outline • Objectives • Methods • Data • Suggestions
Objectives • What • How kinds of organisms? many? • Qualitative • Can habitat assessment (more) fish be supported? • What steps are needed?
Methods • Shoreline (littoral) • Macroinvertebrates • Sample • Open surface of sediment water (pelagic) • Zooplankton • Discrete samples • Integrated samples
3 B C A 2 1
Littoral Zone • D-ring • Three kick net sites • Area about 0. 5 m 2 (3 ft 2) Transect parallel to shore
Macroinvertebrates
600 Site 3 Site 2 Site 1 2287 ± 3338 500 Number/m 2 400 300 200 100 0 a a a a r a a t r r d e d o a e e o t z o t t n a pt p p o p p p o h i i o r o o o c d h r d r c D le o p O e e o l g i Hy Gast l m C P A em O h p E
Zooplankton
Zooplankton • Schindler 0. 5 m ~1. 5 ft 1. 0 m ~3 ft 2. 0 m ~6 ft trap
Zooplankton • Wisconsin-style • Whole plankton net (Sites B, C) water column
900 800 Number per liter 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 Cladocera Copepoda Diptera Cnideria Order Figure 2. Total estimated density of organisms per liter for entire water body from Schindler trap. Samples were taken from Lucas Pond on Oct. 9, 2013. Latah Co. Idaho, USA.
800 700 Other Cladocera spp. Number per liter 600 (24. 5% of Cladocera species. ) 500 400 300 200 100 0 Cladocera (Ceriodaphnia) Copepoda Diptera Cnideria Figure 3. Total estimated density of organisms per liter for entire water body from Schindler trap, emphasizing the ratio of Ceriodaphnia to other Cladocera species. Samples were taken from Lucas Pond on Oct. 9, 2013. Latah Co. Idaho, USA.
Density - (Number per Liter) 50 100 150 Cladocera spp. 0. 5 m 1 m 2 m Site A Site B Depth (meters) 0 Density - (Number per Liter) 0 20 40 60 80 Copepoda 0. 5 m 1 m 2 m Site A Site B Average abundance of zooplankton per liter Figure 4. Density per liter of Cladocera spp. (left) and Copepoda spp. (right) at depth of sample from Schindler Trapping. No data were collected at Site A at 2 m due to sediment disturbance. Standard error is shown for comparison. Samples were taken from Lucas Pond on Oct. 9, 2013. Latah Co. Idaho, USA. 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Cladocera Copepoda spp. Site B Site C Site B Order Site C Figure 5. Total estimated density per liter of Cladocera spp. and Copepoda spp. from Wisconsin plankton net samples. No data were collected from Site A due to sediment disturbance. Standard error is shown for comparison. Samples were taken from Lucas Pond on Oct. 9, 2013. Latah Co. Idaho, USA.
Copepoda 36% Cnideria 1% Other 2% Other Cladocera 15% Diptera 1% Cladocera (Ceriodaphnia) 47% Other Cladocera (Ceriodaphnia) Copepoda Diptera Cnideria Figure 6. Density of organisms as a percentage of total density in the water body from Schindler trap samples. Samples were taken from Lucas Pond on Oct. 9, 2013. Latah Co. Idaho, USA.
Suggestions
Factors conducive to fish production • Ground water input • Consistent • High water levels dissolved oxygen • Size of pond economically manageable
Areas for improvement • Littoral • Few structure aquatic plants • Grass carp • Little fish food • Low phosphorous concentration • Low productivity (chlorophyll a)
Suggestions • Enhance • Rooted littoral structure aquatic plants • Reduce grass carp • Plantings • Add non-biotic structure • Increase productivity • Fertilize with phosphorus • Introduce prey fish • Monitor progress
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