BIOL 313 111914 Types of Crosses Mendel Squares

BIOL 313 11/19/14

Types of Crosses Mendel Squares Definitions Movie Reviews 10 10 10 20 20 20 30 30 30 40 40 40 50 50 50

Types of Crosses - 10 • Between parents that differ in traits for a single character

Types of Crosses– 10 • Monohybrid

Types of Crosses - 20 • Between parents that differ in traits for two characters

Types of Crosses– 20 • Dihybrid cross

Types of Crosses - 30 • Between an F 1 genotype and one of the parentals

Types of Crosses– 30 • Back cross

Types of Crosses - 40 • Male and female parents are reversed in P generation

Types of Crosses– 40 • Reciprocal cross

Types of Crosses - 50 • Between an individual of unknown genotype and a homozygous recessive individual • Bonus 50 - Why do we do this cross?

Types of Crosses– 50 • Test cross

Mendel - 10 • What plant did Mendel work with?

Mendel – 10 • Peas

Mendel - 20 • What are 3 advantage of Mendel’s organism? • Bonus: 10 points for each after 3

Mendel – 20 1. Easy to grow 2. Short lifespan 3. Discreet phenotypes 4. Many offspring 5. Can be outcrossed or selfed 6. True breeding

Mendel - 30 • What are three different generation names and what do they result from?

Mendel – 30 • P • F 1 • F 2

Mendel - 40 • What was Mendel’s profession? • Bonus 10: What is his first name?

Mendel – 40 • Austrian Monk • Bonus: Gregor

Mendel - 50 • What was Mendel’s first law? • Bonus 20: Explain

Mendel– 50 • The law of segregation • Each individual can have two alleles that encode different traits for one character; these alleles separate from one another when gametes are formed (this occurs during Anaphase I of meiosis).

Squares - 10 • What are the genotypes of the F 1 generation of a monohybrid cross of the following? • RRxrr

Squares – 10 • All Rr

Squares - 20 • What are the genotypes of the F 1 generation of the following cross? • Rr x Rr

Squares – 20 • ¼ RR • ½ Rr • ¼ rr

Squares - 30 • In a test cross, the results are as follows. What is the genotype of the unknown parent? • ½ dominant phenotype • ½ recessive phenotype

Squares – 30 • Heterozygous

Squares - 40 • Why is it that some traits “skip” a generation? • Bonus 40: Draw punnent squares to illustrate your answer.

Squares – 40 • RR x rr = all dominant phenotype • Rr x Rr = ¼ recessive phenotype

Squares - 50 • An initial cross is made between a true breeding tall plant and a true breeding dwarf plant. • What are the genotypes and phenotypes of the F 1 generation? • The F 1 is selfed. • What are the genotypes and phenotypes of the F 2 generation?

Squares – 50 • F 1 – all Tt – all Tall • F 2 – ¼ TT, ½ Tt, ¼ tt – ¾ Tall, ¼ Dwarf

Definitions - 10 • Character

Definitions – 10 • refers to something like eye color; seed shape

Definitions - 20 • Trait

Definitions – 20 • how a particular character manifests itself; e. g. , green or blue eye color; round or wrinkled seed shape

Definitions - 30 • Allele

Definitions – 30 • The section of DNA that causes a specific trait

Definitions - 40 • Probability

Definitions – 40 • likelihood of occurrence of a certain event

Definitions - 50 • Meiosis • Bonus 30: Name the steps of meiosis in order

Definitions – 50 • a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores. • Bonus: P 1, M 1, A 1, T 1, P 2, M 2, A 2, T 2

Movies - 10 • A movie in which an actor and actress, members of different social classes, fall in love aboard the ship during its ill-fated maiden voyage

Movies. – 10 • Titanic

Movies. - 20 • A character who aims to become immortal, conquer the wizarding world, subjugate nonmagical people, and destroy all those who stand in his way

Movies. – 20 • Lord Voldemort

Movies. - 30 • The story of a fearless princess who sets off on an epic journey alongside a rugged iceman, his loyal pet reindeer and a clueless, naive snowman to find her estranged sister

Misc. – 30 • Frozen

Movies. - 40 • What is this BBC TV show?

Movies. – 40 • Sherlock

Movies. - 50 • The story of a son who is to succeed his father as king; however, his uncle murders his father and the son is fooled into thinking he was responsible and flees into exile in shame and despair.

Movies. – 50