BIOL 204 Lab 13 The Reproductive System Anatomy

BIOL 204 – Lab 13 The Reproductive System Anatomy

Objective 1 Structures of the Male Reproductive Tract A. The Scrotum Location Structure Function(s) located outside of the body cavity; below the root of the penis and the pubic symphysis is a pouch of thin, dark skin hold the testes outside of the body cavity the walls of the scrotum contain the dartos muscle which, when contracted, gives the scrotum a wrinkled appearance contains numerous sebaceous glands the cremaster muscle raises and lowers the testes to ensure proper temperature for sperm production Scrotum

Tubules Location Epididymus superior aspect of each testes Structure comma shaped tube in a coil (6 m long) Function adsorb excess testicular fluid and secrete factors that make sperms more mature and motile has a head, a body and a tail Epididymus (Pink) H = head B = body T = tail

The Testes Location Structure Function(s) Each teste lies obliquely in the scrotum -oval; weight 10 -14 g -4 cm. X 3 cm X 2. 5 cm -spermatogensis -manufactures hormones supplied by the testicular artery and the testicular vein each teste is covered by a white, inelastic capsule called the tunica albuginea internally the teste is divided into 150 lobules each lobule has 1 -3 seminiferous tubules

Vas (Ductus) Deferens Location Structure Function travels upward into the body cavity as part of the spermatic cord an epithelial tube carries sperm into the body about 45 cm cavity long; the expanded end is called the ampulla it arches medially over the ureter and descends along the posterior wall of the urinary bladder

Location Ejaculatory Duct Structure passes from the a short, 3 cm vas deferens epithelial tube through the prostate gland, to the penile urethra Function carries semen from the vas deferens to the urethra Ejaculatory Duct

Location Urethra Structure Function extends from there are three urinary bladder portions: to the tip of the penis carries both urine and semen to the surface of the body Prostatic portion: 2. 5 cm long; begins at the internal urethral orifice and extends through the prostate gland Intramenbranous part (Membranous portion): 1. 5 cm long; travels through the urogenital diaphragm; the bulbourethral glands are at either side Penile portion: 15 cm long; travels through the penis in the corpus spongiosum prostatic intramenbranous penile

Glands Stucture Location Seminal vesicles lobular, paired posterior aspect glands about 5 cm of the bladder long Vas Deferens Seminal vesical Prostate gland Function(s) produce about 1. 5 to 3 ml of sticky yellow fluid that contains fructose and other nutrients for sperm and prostaglandins and vesciculase, a coagulating enzyme

Structure Prostate Gland a single, donut shaped gland Prostate adrenocarcinoma note whitish area at the periphery Location Function(s) encircles the urethra at the base of the bladder produces 0. 5 -1 ml of slightly acidic fluid which contains enzymes which activate and nourish sperm

Bulbourethral Glands Structure Location Function(s) small, paired glands located in the urogenital diaphragm, inferior to the prostate gland produce a few drops of alkaline mucus which helps to neutralize vaginal acids Bulbourethral gland

E. The Penis The penis is composed of tissue organized into three columns: (2) corpora cavernosa and (1) corpus spongiosum - the corpora cavernosa contains vascular sinuses - the corpus spongiosum contains the penile urethra; it expands at its end to form the glans penis; the glans is covered by a loose fold of tissue called the prepuce (foreskin)

Nerve Supply: - Sensory (pudendal and ilioinguinal nerves) - Motor (pudendal to muscles; ANS via the pelvic splanchnic nerve - SNS causes vasoconstriction and PNS causes vasodilation Blood Supply -the internal pudendal artery and the external pudendal artery -The internal pudendal veins and the external pudendal veins; there also two dorsal veins

Objective 2 Histology Microscopic Anatomy of the Penis – X Section

Testes

Sperm

Objective 3 Gross Anatomy - Female Note the uterus (with fundus, myometrium, cervix, perimetrium, endometrium, body); the ovaries, uterine tubes (with fimbriae), vagina, and the ligaments (suspensory ligament, broad ligament, ovarian ligament, round ligament)

Lateral View -

Ovary and Fallopian Tube of a Multiparous Woman A benign Paratubular Cyst

Ovary with Ligament Ectopic Pregnancy

Ovaries, Uterine Tubes, Uterus and Vagina of a 40 year old multparous woman

Uterus Unfixed Bicornuate Uterus Rare in humans – this woman never carried a fetus to term.

Female External Genitalia -Vulva

Female Breast Anatomy

Objective 4 Ovary Histology

Corpus Luteum Corpus Albicans

Male Cat Urogenital System 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Scrotum Glans Penis Prepuce (Foreskin) Testis Epididymus NA Spermatic Cord Abdominal Wall 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. NA Internal Spermatic Artery Vas Deferens Bladder Urethra Prostate Gland NA Shaft of Penis

Female Cat Urogenital System 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Urethra Body of Uterus Bladder Uterine Horn Broad Ligament 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Ovarian Ligament Ovary Suspensory Ligament Fallopian Tube NA