Biofortification Improving Nutrition through Agriculture Fabiana MouraHarvest Plus

Biofortification: Improving Nutrition through Agriculture Fabiana Moura-Harvest. Plus Nutritionist AIARD Annual Conference Washington DC June 5, 2012 Harvest. Plus c/o IFPRI 2033 K Street, NW • Washington, DC 20006 -1002 USA Tel: 202 -862 -5600 • Fax: 202 -467 -4439 Harvest. Plus@cgiar. org • www. Harvest. Plus. org

Micronutrient malnutrition 2 billion+ affected Photo: C. Hotz

Global Micronutrient Deficiency This map details worldwide severity of the most common micronutrient deficiencies—vitamin A, anemia, and zinc—using World Health Organization (WHO) children under 5 prevalence data. Severity was coded using a 3 -point weighting system based on levels of public health significance cut-offs (low, moderate, and high).

75% of the poor 25%

Targeted: poor people eat staples Photo: IRRI

Share of Energy Source & Food Budget in Rural Bangladesh Non-Staple plants Fish and Meat Energy Source Food Budget Staple foods 6

Supplementation Commercial Fortification Dietary Diversity Biofortification

Sustainable for famers Photo: A. M. Ball

Photo: ICRISAT Cost-effective: central one time investment

Biofortification-breeding food crops that are more nutritious Photo: D. Marchand

Biofortified varieties White-low vitamin A X Orange-very high vitamin A =

Goal: 50% vitamin A mean daily requirement Photo: M. Malungu

Estimating Target Levels Framework of Nutrition Research • • Developme • nt Phase • Evaluation Phase Estimate the Target Levels Nutrition Survey-Intake and status of the target population Retention Studies-storage, processing and cooking loses Bioavailability- animal and human studies • Efficacy Trials-controlled setting • Effectiveness-community level

Crops for Africa & Release Dates 20112 2012 Cassava Vitamin A Nigeria DR Congo Beans Iron (Zinc) Rwanda DR Congo Maize Vitamin A Zambia Crops are high-yielding and with other traits farmers want.

Crops for Asia & Release Dates 20122 Pearl Millet Iron (Zinc) India 20132 Rice Zinc Bangladesh India 20132 Wheat Zinc India Pakistan Crops are high-yielding and with other traits farmers want.

Vit. A Orange Sweet Potato 2007 -09: Released in Uganda and Mozambique Photo: Y. Islam

Key Findings: Adoption In Mozambique, the project increased the share of orange sweet potato in the total sweet potato area by 56% Before Project WHITE SWEET POTATO After Project WHITE SWEET POTATO ORANGE SWEET POTATO

Key Findings: Adoption In Uganda, orange sweet potato increased by 43% in the total sweet potato area Before Project WHITE SWEET POTATO After Project WHITE SWEET POTATO ORANGE SWEET POTATO

Key Findings: Vitamin A Intakes

Lessons learned for scaling-up

Ensure agronomic quality—to be competitive, OSP yields should be equal to other varieties

Involve both women and men for both nutrition and agronomic messages

Engage markets for long-term adoption

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